Ptsd A Serious Psychological And Emotional Disease Essay

PTSD is a serious psychological and emotional disease that some people face every day, even here close to home, in fact seven million, seven hundred thousand American adults are diagnosed with this disorder (Feature: Post Traumatic Stress Disorder PTSD: A Growing Epidemic...). PTSD is notable in jobs that put someone â€Å"at risk for being part of a traumatic event, such as police officers, nurses, and firefighters† (PTSD: Statistics, Causes, Signs, Symptoms). For example, Lt. Samuel S. Stewart said, â€Å"I began to see exactly how PTSD affected my fellow soldiers, their families, and their friends†. He then became a police officer and witnessed other officers dealing with the same thing. He found that there was a study â€Å"conducted of thirty-seven police officers that were a part of serious shooting† events. Out of those thirty-seven, only three showed no signs of PTSD (Stewart). Those who are affected by PTSD don’t always show it, due to the fact t hat PTSD is a mental and emotional disease. Indeed, there are psychological and emotional factors that make people’s lives harder. Treatment is needed for those who suffer with PTSD. PTSD stems from a traumatic, life-changing event and can leave psychological scars on someone. Once the event occurs, it triggers the brain’s adrenaline levels and increases them, causing flashbacks that trigger a â€Å"fight or flight reaction† (NHS). This psychological reaction is the mind telling the person to act out against the danger facing them, or leaveShow MoreRelatedMany Countries/Regions Around The World Strive To Have1033 Words   |  5 Pagesconflict. Three main costs of fighting for peace include the financial expenses (military), however on a more personal level, there is significant emotional/wellbeing damage caused by war. Finally, conflict creates major environmental problems as a result of military weapons used. The cost of violence is commonly considered/measured in terms of human and emotional cost however the financial cost of global violence is a major additional factor to contemplate. According to the Global Peace Index report,Read MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )1560 Words   |  7 Pageson long term health of a person’s psychological. War is defined as conflict between two different groups of individuals. There are many reasons for why wars and other conflicts happen, but the warfighter has the greatest psychological burden placed on them. Over time understanding and acceptance on dealing with Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) has increase dramatically. Although PTSD can be associated with any event that a person develops a strong emotional response to a remembered event. ConflictRead MoreEffects Of Cancer On Children Under The Age Of 15 ( Toro )869 Words   |  4 PagesSection One: Saige Weeks Cancer is the leading disease that causes death in children under the age of 15 (Toro, 2001). Every year, approximately 9,000 children are diagnosed with cancer. Almost 1,500 children die because of the disease (Toro, 2001). Despite the the death rate of 1,500 children per year, the number of children surviving cancer is increasing; the current survival rate is over 70 percent (Toro, 2001). Although the rates of survivors have increased due to the invasive and radical treatmentRead MoreThree Main Psychological Disorders1137 Words   |  5 PagesThree Main Psychological Disorders Introduction Psychological disorders are also referred to as mental disorders. This can be defined as psychological symptoms or behavioral patterns that affect multiple life areas of an individual. In addition, they are likely to cause distress for patients who experience the symptoms. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Posttraumatic stress disorder develops because of traumatizing events that threaten the safety of an individual making him/her feel helpless. OftenRead MoreSupport System For Post Traumatic Stress Disorder1549 Words   |  7 Pagesreappearance of symptoms. Sometimes, the aftermath of PTSD take the form of depressions, anxiety disorders, or abuse of alcohol or drugs. The use of drugs and alcohol could be an attempt on the part of the person suffering to alleviate his anguish or numb fear of threatening situations (Weiss, Garvert, Cloitre, 2015). PTSD can have important consequences on the functions of daily life and can influence several areas of social and emotional behavior .Developing avoidance issues can negatively affectRead MoreDomestic Violence Is A Serious Social Issue1546 Words   |  7 PagesDomestic violence is a serious social issue, yet often overlooked by society due to insufficient knowledge and misconceptions. It has prevailed for years, and current interventions have not succeeded in eliminating it. One of the biggest myths is that: â€Å"Domestic violence is not common,† while in reality, the number of domestic violence incidents annually ranges from 960,000 to 3 million (Collins et al 169.) According to Maryland Network Against Domestic Violence, it is believed to be the most commonRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )1473 Words   |  6 Pagesresponsibilities of military members encompass large amounts of anxiety, selfless service, and occasionally, terrifying events that cause a nega tive influence on a person’s life. Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a serious and tragic illness among members serving in our military. Mayo Clinic (2014a) defines PTSD as a mental health condition that s triggered by a terrifying event — either experiencing it or witnessing it (p.361). In certain circumstances, this is a daily experience for many members ofRead MorePsychological Disorders : A Psychological Disorder1632 Words   |  7 PagesPsychological disorders are often a taboo subject in our society. Many find themselves to be the subject of ridicule and/or a social pariah from their peers at the simple hint of a mental disorder. This stems largely from simple ignorance to the cause and actual effects of the problems. Many of the same people that spend most of the day complaining about others that have psychological disorders could potentially find themselves and their behavior defined as such. Psychological disorder are an, â€Å"ongoingRead MoreThe Et hics Of The Counseling Profession1371 Words   |  6 Pagesresult in direct personal experience of an even that involves actual or threatened death or serious injury or witnessing of an actual or threatened death or serious injury. Traumatic experiences are typical examples of natural disasters, sexual abuse, physical assault, and car accidents, which are linked to post traumatic stress disorder. Shafran, Shafur, Berant, and Gilboa-Schechtman (2016) defined PTSD as a persistent re-experiencing of the traumatic event, avoidance of stimuli associated withRead MoreNegative Effects Of Rape1166 Words   |  5 Pagesexperience both short and long-term psychological effects of rape. One of the short term effects of rape is Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Common symptoms of PTSD are having flashbacks or nightmares (â€Å"Joyful†). Victims tend to have these flashbacks and nightmares due to paranoia. Victims are usually still in shock after the incident and are scared. So me victims also tend to feel guilty, but this cam also be a long term effect. Short term psychological effects of rape can also be long term

Hamlet s Search For Justice - 1294 Words

Many fictional characters are presented with unique circumstances that dictate their life long search for justice, often coming up empty-handed. One character that exemplifies this model of a person in searching for justice appears in Shakespeare’s novel, Hamlet. The title character, Hamlet, understands justice in terms of a noble revenge, but fails to take action, due to his weak disposition to act on his thoughts. Hamlet’s search for justice was not successful because his sense of â€Å"justice† was flawed, ultimately leading not only to his own death, but to Laertes who had a very similar mission to that of Hamlet. Hamlet’s fatal flaw leads to the question concerning what differentiates real justice from faux justice. Hamlet seeks a noble†¦show more content†¦Hamlet doesn’t think it would be just to kill Claudius now because it would be basically sending him â€Å"to heaven† which Hamlet does not want. He wants to take what he perceives as the nobler path of catching Claudius in sin and send him to eternal damnation, where Hamlet’s father supposedly roams. To what seems like noble justice to Hamlet leads him to continuously postpone his revenge. Hamlet is not interested in making himself king, rather he is more interested in killing Claudius the, truthfully, unchristian way. Hamlet does not want Claudius to repent and absolve of his sins. Although Hamlet calls Claudius a â€Å"villain†, it makes the reader ponder if the executioner of the villain is always the â€Å"hero†. So far in the play, Hamlet does not show any characteristics of a traditional hero as he broods and shows temper tantrums. Using his false sense of righteousness, Hamlet waits for the right chance to exact his noble â€Å"revenge†. Although Hamlet is convinced that King Claudius is the murder, he decides to drag this on as he ponders on his own physical existence and state of mind. He thinks about his own suicide and is caught up in the affairs of other characters like Polonius and Ophelia. Finally, he finally manages to scrape together the little amount of dignity and will left inside of him to seek his revenge: The imminent death of twenty thousand men, That for aShow MoreRelatedHamlet s Internal Conflict And Search For Justice2309 Words   |  10 PagesHamlet faces challenges throughout the play that try his inner strengths and test his ability to handle the situation. He is torn between wanting to seek justice, and avenge his father’s death. Hamlet is also caught up in an intricate web of lies and deceit, he is considered mad by most characters when in all actuality it is just playing off of the actions of others to benefit himself. He puts on different acts trying to hide the truth, which makes him seem sincerely mad to the people around himRead MoreComparing Shakespeare s Hamlet With Play And Argue For Or Against Stoppard s Vision1073 Words   |  5 Pages2015 You are to compare and contrast Shakespeare’s Hamlet with Tom Stoppard’s play and argue for or against Stoppard’s vision (1000 words minimum). To Search for Death No one wants to die. Even people who want to go to heaven do not want to die to get there. And yet death is the destination we all share. No one has ever escaped it. And that is as it should be, because Death is very likely the single best invitation of Life. It is Life s change agent. It clears out the old to make way forRead More A Tale of Four Novels1596 Words   |  7 Pagesthe involuntary homage of the low† (Dickens 146). They are a group that seeks to exterminate the bourgeoisie in order to gain freedom and get revenge at the same time. The central theme of man’s search for power is present in A Tale of Two Cities and is recurring in many works of literature including Hamlet, One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest and 1984. In A Tale of Two Cities the primary conflict is the revolution in which the proletariat aim to overthrow the bourgeoisie in an effort to gain freedomRead MoreHamlet Is Notorious For Its Critical Theme Of Revenge1042 Words   |  5 Pages Suchit 1 Ms. Ward ENG 4U 28 July 2017 Hamlet Essay Analysis Shakespeare’s Hamlet is infamous for its critical theme of revenge. However, the constant conflict between action vs inaction insinuates a deeper concern. For starters, Prince Hamlet frequently creates excuses to delay his father s revenge. He is always thinking of the consequences that may result if he proceeds with his treason instead of avenging hisRead MoreWilliam Shakespeares Hamlet Essay1324 Words   |  6 PagesWilliam Shakespeare’s famously philosophical play Hamlet epitomizes the revenge tragedy; the play’s characters are forced to act vengefully only to result in a bloody, dismal ending. The most obvious instance of revenge in the play is that of Hamlet against Claudius whom corruptly becomes the king of Denmark after he murders Hamlet’s father. Spurred by the ghost of the deceased king, Hamlet sways between moods of adamancy and half-hearted uncertainty in his quest to repay his father’s life, aRead MoreThe Boys From Brazil Analysis1870 Words   |  8 PagesVengeance and Justice in The Boys from Brazil Vengeance, according to Webster’s Dictionary, is defined as punishment inflicted in retaliation for an injury or offense. Justice is defined as the maintenance or administration of what is just especially by the impartial adjustment of conflicting claims or the assignment of merited rewards or punishments. Both vengeance and justice are seen in many situations where a conflict arises and affects a certain person or thing’s world, and that person or thingRead MoreTheme Of Sin In Hamlet1956 Words   |  8 PagesWhen King Hamlet’s ghost tells Prince Hamlet that he was murdered by his ruthless brother, Claudius, he commands the prince to avenge â€Å"his foul and most unnatural murder† (1.5.25). Hamlet chooses to obey the ghost and seek vengeance, rather than justice. William Shakespeare uses Hamlet (appx. 1599) as an example of the nature and consequences of sin in the world, which is highlighted by five specific themes; one per each act.  The first actà ¢â‚¬â„¢s theme is the actual â€Å"Fall† itself, while the second’sRead MoreArgumentation-Persuasion Essay Affirmative Action1494 Words   |  6 Pagesto help others. Second, affirmative action was a great starter for equality in the work place. The case against affirmative action rests heavily on myth and misunderstanding, and following illustrates that an absence of affirmative action in today s society will only reinforce racial injustice. Myth 1: The only way to create a color-blind society is to adopt color-blind policies. Although this statement sounds unthinkingly possible, the reality is that colorblind policies often put racial minoritiesRead More Shakespeares Hamlet - Hamlet’s Villain, King Claudius Essay3285 Words   |  14 PagesHamlet’s Villain, King Claudius      Ã‚  Ã‚   In the drama Hamlet Shakespeare has concocted a multi-dimensional character in the person of King Claudius. It is the intent of this essay to analyze and probe all the various aspects of this curious personality.    Ward and Trent in The Cambridge History of English and American Literature consider Shakespeare’s options in designing the character of Claudius:    There were at least two ways in which an ordinary, or rather more than ordinaryRead MoreEssay on Biography of William Shakespeare2736 Words   |  11 Pageswhich he invested in property such as houses. And by involving himself in public service, he rose by sure degrees to the highest municipal positions Stratford had to offer such as: chamberlain in 1561, alderman in 1565, and bailiff ,or mayor, and justice of the peace in 1568. Shakespeare was educated at the local grammar school. According to history, because Shakespeare was the eldest son, he should have been the apprentice to his fathers shop so that he could be taught everything his father knew

Mental Health-Nursing Continued Period of Hopelessness

Question: Discuss about the Mental Health-Nursing for Continued Period of Hopelessness. Answer: Depression is a medical illness that negatively affects people thinking pattern and behavior. The continued period of hopelessness and grief often drive people to commit suicide. Depression and anxiety disorder is a common illness in the community and it is the third highest burden of disease in Australia. Due to major depressive disorder, every day at least six Australians die from suicide and an additional thirty people try to take their life (Cheung et al., 2013). Though suicide comprises only 1.6% of all deaths in Australia, it is the cause of the majority of deaths especially in specific age-groups (De Leo, 2015). Young people between the age of 15-25 are more likely to die from suicide rather than fatal disease in Australia. Gender wise, male are at greater risk of suicide which is evident from the fact that in 2010 about 77% of death in men occurred from suicide. In the year 2014, about 18.5% males and 5.9% females died by suicide (Causes of Death, Australia2016). Regarding th e age-specific rate of suicide in males, highest rate of suicide was seen in older people above the age group of 85 years. The next highest age-specific suicide rate was found in the age group of 40-44 years and 50-54 years. In females, higher rate of suicide was found among the age group of 35-39 years (Cheung et al., 2013). It was also found that majority of them dont seek medical help for mental disorder or depression. Other groups who are at more risk of suicide in Australia are the indigenous Australians living in rural and remote areas, people with drug abuse and mental illness, children and lesbian, gay bisexual, transgender, intersex people (LGBTI). Among Aboriginal and Torres Islander people, it is the fifth leading cause of death. A suicidal attempt is also the greatest public health concern for Australia because about 60,000 people try to take their lives every year. The rate of hospitalization due to self-harm has also increased. In 2010, about 26,000 hospitalizations in Australia were for self-harm (Sanna et al., 2014). However, majority of these cases are underreported because of the stigma associated with suicide and self-harm. It is necessary to identify and manage suicide ideation both in patients with or without major depressive disorder. On analysis of Mr. Edwardss mental health condition, it has been found that he has been suffering from depression due to his separation from his family members and loss of money in business. He has moved to Australia due to his work, but he misses his family. One of his sons committed suicide, and other moved to Sydney as he did not want to work in Mr. Edward's farm. Due to his age, he is not able to attend to his farm properly and for this reason, he is producing less milk and eggs to sell. Both family and financial problems in business have made Edward mentally depressed and stressful. During interaction with the mental health nurse, he was found to be tearful. Because of his mental trauma, his sleep pattern has changed, he has lost weight and he also feels exhausted most of the time. Another critical sign observed in Mr. Edward is that he has lost all hope for future, and he has been developing suicide ideation too. Many possible factors contribute to people's vulnerability to men tal illness or depression which includes genetics, neurological mechanism and life events such as trauma, loss of loved ones, stressful situation and early childhood experience (Gilbert, 2014). The two important factors that would lead to major depression are biopsychosocial factors and lifestyle factors. Research on important pathways associated with major depression also showed that it is caused by biopsychosocial and lifestyle factors. Diet, exercise, and sleep play a mediating role in the development and progression of the disease. Edward was also found to have irregular sleeping pattern since the last six months. This change has an influence on dysregulated pathways associated with depression. It has an impact on the immunoinflammatory pathway, neurotransmitter process, neuroprogression and antioxidant defence systems (Lopresti et al., 2013). Increased attention is required in the three areas to plan effective mental health intervention and treat such patients. Patient's biopsy chosocial factor also acts as a significant risk for depression. This factor affects individual people in different ways. According to biological factors patient may develop depression due to endocrine, immune and neurotransmitter functioning. Besides this, people with physical illness or disorder are more likely to develop depression. The psychological factors that might contribute to depression in people are negative thinking, lack of coping skills, impaired emotional intelligence and problem in judgments. Psychological factors might be influenced by both personality characteristics as well as social factors. Stressful situations in life trigger changes in brain functioning leading to the condition (Sowislo Orth, 2013). In case of treating patients like Mr. Edward with mental illness or major depression, several ethical issues might arise in the process. Issues might arise in the area of right to treatment, informed consent, and confidentiality. There is conflict between patients autonomy and nurses duty. Firstly ethical dilemma arises when nurses do not provide relevant information about the condition to patients and treatment planned for them. Since anxiety reduction is a vital part of treating mental illness, many nurses do not disclose their mental status to patients. Their right to treatment is hampered. This is a serious issues and patient has the right to know about clinical procedures, treatment. Informed consent is also as important element of ethical health care practices (Huston, 2013). So, nurse should learn to confidently state patients ailment and the cause for it. Ethical considerations for mental health nurses include adhering to ethical guidelines to the treatment of mentally ill pa tients. Autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence and justice are the central principles of biomedical ethics (Park et al., 2014). The conflict between these elements often leads to stressful situation among nurses as well as patients. For example, the nurse may strongly feel the need to start certain interventions of patient, but the patient may not agree with it. Dilemma arises when the nurse has to maintain patient's autonomy as well as provide justice in treatment. Nurse need to learn the skill to communicate information in such a way that the patient understands the need for it and how they will benefit from it. Informed consent and evaluating patients decision capacity may help to resolve ethical issues. The nurse can plan intervention with ethical decision making strategies such as analyzing cases by medical indications, patient's preference, and quality of life issues and identifying factors that affect patient's care (Stuart, 2014).According to legal perspective also, greater c onflict occurs between the patient's right to autonomy and the professional duty of care (Johnstone, 2015). Patients need to be treated under the Mental Health Act. However, the majority of patients are admitted as informal patients. Valid consent and Common law is essential part of mental health practice. Nurses should always seek patient consent before any intervention is commenced. But often involuntary admissions are made without consent when a person is in danger. Common law gives patient the right to treatment, right to informed consent, right to refuse treatment. Most common legal issues nurses face in case of failure to protect safety of patients. They can be penalized for negligence or malpractice after evaluating the legal cause of damage (Fogel et al., 2015).It is essential to follow the nursing board standard of practice to minimize these issues. On mental health nurse interview with patient, it has been found that Mr. Edward has been increasingly depressed since the death of his son. He is facing difficulty in sleeping and waking up at odd hours. He is hopeless, has developed ruminating thought about suicide, but not thought of a method to do so. After analyzing the detailed life history of Mr. Edward, two risks have been identified in patient. Firstly, since the client is completely dejected with his life, then there is a high possibility that the patient might attempt to harm himself. Therefore, assessment of suicide risk in Mr. Edward will be the first priority for mental health nurse. Severe depression and anxiety symptoms in patient are often the trigger for suicide ideation or behavior. Since Mr. Edward is dealing with negative life events, it comes under the suicide pathway model. Therefore, it will be necessary for nurse to monitor the patient carefully and keep self-harm object away from him (Hawton et al., 2013). A nother risk is that Mr. Edward may develop other associated comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Resistance to treatment will also act as a risk for patients and a challenge for nurse. There will be high chance that Mr. Edward will develop panic attack and become aggressive if forced for any treatment (Miravitlles et al., 2014). Therefore, management of this risk will be essential for mental health nurse. To support Mr. Edward and minimize risk of suicide in patient, the nurse will have to assess the clinical symptoms related to suicide behavior in client and then teach them coping skills. This intervention is necessary because often nurses cannot identify stressors or reasons for depression in patients. Assessment and mental health examination help in identifying potential stressors in patient and then taking necessary actions. Patient with depression is also found to lack in concentration, and they have poor coping skills. Nursing intervention in the area of practical coping skills helps patient like Edward to verbalize their feelings so that they can interact with nurse and discuss their life stressors. Intervention in this area will also help Mr. Edward to come out of his depression and develop positive attitude towards the challenges in life (Fayers Machin, 2013). To carry out mental state assessment in Mr. Edward, the nurse will take several steps. In the first step, appearance and physical activity will be assessed. Observing Mr. Edward's appearance and behavior helps in determining whether he can conduct their activities or not. Assessing patient's affect and mood will provide the nurse with the information like whether Mr. Edward is depressed, euphoric, whether he has restricted emotions. Thought form and thought process analysis would help in determining whether patient is developing suicide ideation or not (Ekers et al., 2013). After mental health assessment, the intervention in coping strategy will assist in minimizing risk of suicide in Mr. Edward. First nursing intervention is to observe cause of ineffective copings such as grief, change in life situation or other reasons. In Mr. Edward, it was found that he was suffering from depression due to separation from his family members. In the next step, it will be necessary for nurse to identify Mr. Edwards source of stressors and also observe his strengths. To minimize suicide, nurse will have to establish therapeutic relationship with clients (Townsend, 2014).In this way, nurse can intervene to raise his spirits to prevent suicide by helping him feel that life is worth living. It will also be necessary to identify what activities interest the patient. The nurse will monitor potential for suicide in patients by signs like poor social adjustment and mood disorders. Nurse need to be aware of warning signs in patient. Mr. Edward will also be referred to mental h ealth counselor if he is at major risk of attempting suicide. It will also be necessary to educate Mr. Edward's wife regarding restricting patients access to sharp objects and lethal weapons in home (Lefley Wasow, 2013). They should be encouraged to take part in activities that reduce his stress. To reduce risk of comorbidity associated with depression in Edward, non-pharmacological intervention will be critical. A study by Morgan et al., (2013) highlighted the effectiveness of collaborative care along with practice nurse as a case manager for managing comorbidities associated with depression. In a randomized clustered trial, nurses acted as case managers and reviewed pathology results, lifestyle risk factors, patient goal and priorities to determine continuum of care. Great improvement in psychological measure was seen in patients. For the treatment of depression in Mr. Edward also nurse can provide self-management intervention to reduce stress and grief symptoms. In severe case, antidepressant can be given to him. Counseling the patient will also help in reducing signs of depression (Dirmaier et al., 2012). Therefore, nurse role is to focus on safety needs of Mr. Edward and identify problems that prevent him from leading normal life. It is essential to manage long-term need s by maintenance of patient in the least depressive state as far as possible. Reference Causes of Death, Australia, 2013. (2016).Abs.gov.au. Retrieved 31 August 2016, from https://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/Lookup/by%20Subject/3303.0~2013~Main%20Features~Suicide%20by%20Age~10010 Cheung, Y. T. D., Spittal, M. J., Williamson, M. K., Tung, S. J., Pirkis, J. (2013). Application of scan statistics to detect suicide clusters in Australia.PloS one,8(1), e54168. De Leo, D. (2015). Australia revises its mortality data on suicide.Crisis. Dirmaier, J., Steinmann, M., Krattenmacher, T., Watzke, B., Barghaan, D., Koch, U., Schulz, H. (2012). Non-pharmacological treatment of depressive disorders: a review of evidence-based treatment options.Reviews on recent clinical trials,7(2), 141-149. Ekers, D., Murphy, R., Archer, J., Ebenezer, C., Kemp, D., Gilbody, S. (2013). Nurse-delivered collaborative care for depression and long-term physical conditions: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of affective disorders,149(1), 14-22. Fayers, P. M., Machin, D. (2013).Quality of life: the assessment, analysis and interpretation of patient-reported outcomes. John Wiley Sons. Fogel, B. S., Greenberg, D. B. (2015).Psychiatric care of the medical patient. Oxford University Press. Gilbert, P. (2014).Depression: The Evolution of powerlessness. Psychology Press. Hawton, K., i Comabella, C. C., Haw, C., Saunders, K. (2013). Risk factors for suicide in individuals with depression: a systematic review.Journal of affective disorders,147(1), 17-28. Huston, C. J. (2013).Professional issues in nursing: Challenges and opportunities. Lippincott Williams Wilkins. Johnstone, M. J. (2015).Bioethics: a nursing perspective. Elsevier Health Sciences. Lefley, H. P., Wasow, M. (2013).Helping families cope with mental illness(Vol. 2). Routledge. Lopresti, A. L., Hood, S. D., Drummond, P. D. (2013). A review of lifestyle factors that contribute to important pathways associated with major depression: diet, sleep and exercise.Journal of affective disorders,148(1), 12-27. Miravitlles, M., Molina, J., Quintano, J. A., Campuzano, A., Prez, J., Roncero, C., DEPREPOC Study Investigators. (2014). Factors associated with depression and severe depression in patients with COPD.Respiratory medicine,108(11), 1615-1625. Morgan, M. A., Coates, M. J., Dunbar, J. A., Reddy, P., Schlicht, K., Fuller, J. (2013). The TrueBlue model of collaborative care using practice nurses as case managers for depression alongside diabetes or heart disease: a randomized trial.BMJ open,3(1), e002171. Park, M., Jeon, S. H., Hong, H. J., Cho, S. H. (2014). A comparison of ethical issues in nursing practice across nursing units.Nursing ethics,21(5), 594-607. Sanna, L., Stuart, A. L., Pasco, J. A., Kotowicz, M. A., Berk, M., Girardi, P., Williams, L. J. (2014). Suicidal ideation and physical illness: Does the link lie with depression?.Journal of affective disorders,152, 422-426. Sowislo, J. F., Orth, U. (2013). Does low self-esteem predict depression and anxiety? A meta-analysis of longitudinal studies.Psychological bulletin,139(1), 213. Stuart, G. W. (2014).Principles and practice of psychiatric nursing. Elsevier Health Sciences. Townsend, M. C. (2014).Psychiatric mental health nursing: Concepts of care in evidence-based practice. FA Davis.

Emerging Disruptive Technologies Drone Mail Delivery

Question: Describe about the Emerging Disruptive Technologies, Drone Mail Delivery? Answer: It is a technology based mail delivery project taken by Amazon. Drones will be used to deliver products purchased from Amazon to its customers. Octocoptors will be used to drop packages on lawns of the customers. The delivery time will be only 30 minutes. The delivery will be dispatched from the nearest warehouse of Amazon. Information has been found on: https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2516690/Amazon-announces-delivery-DRONE.html The technology will not create a new customer base for Amazon. Rather it will help them to expand their customer base and provide real faster and hi-tech delivery system. It is supposed to replace the old courier or postal delivery system. But it will not completely replace those systems or technologies as, drone mail delivery is not feasible for remote area deliveries. Different courier services, postal system used the services of home delivery now. They earn substantially well. But drone mail delivery will not eat up their job as, courier, postal etc. are still valid for long distance deliveries. But in future, if Amazon expands the number of warehouses and brings those close to the proximities of their customers then, courier, postal service will be replaced by drone mail delivery. There is no explicit information about the makers of the drones that will be used by Amazon. But it seems, Amazon will make those by themselves. There will be significant amount of time saved in delivery. These drones are capable of cutting down the delivery time to 30 minutes only! Customers may need to pay a little more to get such faster deliveries. The secondary industry is logistic and courier service industry that will be effected by this. If Amazon is able to provide such service by themselves then they will not hire the couriers or logistics for delivering their orders to customers. Thus these two industries that are still important part of Amazons network, will have losses. References Bates, D. (2013, December 2). Amazon announces delivery by DRONE: Online retailer claims airborne robots will bring packages to your door in 30 minutes. Retrieved from dailymail.co.uk: https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2516690/Amazon-announces-delivery-DRONE.html Lavars, N. (2014, November 17). Drone delivery nets could be the mailboxes of the future. Retrieved from gizmag.com: https://www.gizmag.com/drone-delivery-nets-skynet/34809/

About Nickel Dimed Essay Example

About Nickel Dimed Paper Barbara Ehrenreich’s non-fiction bestseller, Nickel and Dimed, is the story of an essay writer who went undercover as a low wage worker to find out how non-skilled workers make ends meet. The experiment took place in Florida, Maine, and Minnesota, with the author finding a job and lodgings in each location. The experiment was to be held for one month in each location, working full time and living only off the amount of money earned in low-wage jobs. The goal was to determine whether or not the author could both live off the money earned and have enough money at the end of the month to pay the next month’s rent. The purpose of Ehrenreich’s book is simply to determine if she â€Å"could match income to expenses, as the truly poor attempt to do every day. † Working different jobs in restaurants, a hotel, a nursing home, a cleaning service, and at a major retailer Ehrenreich finds the truth – it is nearly impossible to match income and expense on wage income. Her research shows that a strong â€Å"work ethic† is often not enough to provide necessities like shelter, food, and transportation. We will write a custom essay sample on About Nickel Dimed specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on About Nickel Dimed specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on About Nickel Dimed specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer For people who work in restaurants, hotels, retail stores, and other service jobs the pay is simply not enough to work your way up the ladder of success. Barbara undertakes life as a person that earns poverty-level wages. The book is a real eye opener to what you can actually do for six to seven dollars an hour. The theme of this book is, from my view, you never realize what you have until it is gone. People all across the United States of America live without some of our necessities because they cant afford much more than shelter and food. Barbara shows in this book that living on minimum wage is possible, but barely. My analysis of the theme in this book is very important for people to see and understand that the group of people who earn the bare minimum wage is probably what you wouldnt suspect. Most Americans believe all those who are poor and homeless are those without a job, only surviving on a little amount received through governmental aid. But in this book, we learn that is no always true. People can still have a job living in the same conditions as someone who doesn’t have a job. They can just have very low-wage jobs. These low-wage jobs hourly pay from the $5. 15 mandatory minimum to the mere but reputable $10 wage. At this salary one may not seem noticeably poor, however factor in the needed expenses of housing, food, childcare, and transportation, one may dwindle into poverty. With an increasing amount of low wage workers from such communities as those of welfare recipients, the employment opportunity is becoming scarce forcing one to migrate in order to accomplish the best salary, leaving a more stressful lifestyle with many more hardships to endure.

Security Technology Evaluation of Bank Solutions

Security Technology Evaluation of Bank Solutions Introduction Maintenance of data security in banks is vital. Agency’s Disaster Recovery/Business Continuity Plan is needed to proceed with this process. This plan allows some parts of the business to continue operating without interruptions to the customers. CSIA 485 case study presents the failure in ensuring data safety with regard to handling of storage tapes.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Security Technology Evaluation of Bank Solutions specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The system in use limits on accountability and credibility of data security. The plan which is used in CSIA 485 involves the development of information security policy, standard backup procedures, network design, information detection systems and various encryption methods. In the case of CSIA 485, there was a failure in system update. Such an incident was caused by some technical issues, which shows that the participants of the critical plan did not have adequate training on the means of using DRBCPs (National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2009). The IT problem the company faces is rooted in the sever inefficiency that can be mitigated through efficient upgrading of the bank data systems. Capabilities Servers have different designs that function to provide for networking, cooling, management, interconnection and dynamism in data management and control. Servers help in consolidation of data and software for effective management, security and sharing within the bank. This allows for moving of data, files, software and digital assets from laptops, desktops and mobile devices for central management and storage for the reduction of risks and costs. The shift is a vulnerable process since the bank intends to maintain process continuity as it upgrades the systems without disrupting services to customers. Through adequate training on the use of the DRBC systems, users learn the best ways of confidential sharing o f information within the bank. The technology shows security aspects relevant to the needs of Bank Solutions, Inc, which will allow for the development of standards of information security policy, backup procedures, network designs, information detection systems, and various encryption methods among others. The system assures reliability through central monitoring and ensures efficiency in system updating (Kim Solomon, 2011). The disadvantage of this system is that upgrading can make some of the bank employees in the decentralized data centers lose their jobs. Such a situation can lead to resistance from the staff members. Centralization reduces the responsibilities of staffs due to data centers. However, overworking server maintainers can cause delays in acquisition of authorization for access in critical times.Advertising Looking for report on it? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Cost The costs associated with the setup of a secure server infrastructure involve acquisition, setting up and ongoing costs. Acquisition costs involve the acquiring of software and hardware necessary for the setting up of the system. This includes variable costs of EDA and CAM/ CAD tools dependent on the number of engineers employed to work on the process. Setup costs involve professional services for constricting the storage server, application server as well as other applications. These costs involve the training of branch administrators on handling with daily operations for basic level support. Ongoing costs are classified in two divisions, labor costs and maintenance costs. Maintenance costs are fixed and used only on demand, while there is variability of labor costs. Each server in the company requires regular daily administration within the year for about 4 hours, and the labor involved costs about $50 per hour. Decentralization strategy for the servers will cost the bank $1.6 million – 52.5%, as a one- time hardware, software and setup cost. Ongoing maintenance and support cost take 33% on a spending within 3 years. This can increase to 46% of overall operating costs within five years. To avoid the failure in systems updating, Bank Solutions can use a centralized approach to setup its server operations. Such a measure is helpful of reduction of setup and administration costs. Instead of spending on pocket servers for the use of few users, the IT managers can take advantage of economies of scale through the creation of few servers, storage servers and powerful applications. The cost of acquisition in the centralized system is $544,000 with setup being $33, 000 and ongoing expenses of $334,200. However, through the utilization of the power of performance efficiency of decentralized systems and the possibility of elimination of distance through virtual connectivity of users, the centralized solution is the best choice for the data security. It will help in reducing of acquisition cos ts, setup and ongoing costs for short and long-term operations. Maintenance The maintenance of this technology is an issue, which requires comprehensive dissection to prevent any instances of abrupt failure (Slezak, 2009). For instance, the section of maintenance calls for periodical upgrading of software, computers, payments of employees responsible for taking care of the technology, replacement of hardware and other security equipment. The maintenance of the servers will facilitate security services to avoid detrimental complications of server issues. Users must be responsible for protection of sensitive data through secure management of passwords.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Security Technology Evaluation of Bank Solutions specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The database administrator takes care of administration of databases, assigning local user roles and granting system privileges. It also requires the maint enance of underlying security in data transmission in various operating systems. Trusted application administrators help in creation and administration of accesses and user privileges as well as maintenance of security in the centralized enterprise. Avoidance of server issues requires ongoing checkups and proper management to ensure smooth running of the technical infrastructure. A barrier to success in the centralization of the server system can result from employees who feel that they may lose their jobs. It is also apparent that centralization increases responsibility of fewer IT specialists and calls for advanced trainings to handle the new systems. Requirements The security system must be FDIC compliant for the bank to develop a storage area network in the head office of the bank. The second one can be developed in one of the data centers with a reduction of server requirements to a single rack and elimination of patched storage of data storage tapes. The main server is capable of rescuing information in the alternate data center within 5 minutes allowing customers and employees to continue accessing their accounts without noticing the failure interruptions. The achievement of this comes with its financial implications; such training requires huge financial commitment (Camara et al., 2011). Lack of required skills can delay effectiveness in convergence that can hamper the daily operations of the bank. Any slight hitch in shifting from decentralized to centralized servers, unless professionally executed, can hinder normal bank operations and lead to customer dissatisfaction. Such vulnerability requires thorough evaluation and timing of the transformation processes. Flexibility The setup has ample proximity advantage since it enhances the performance of Windows applications in the bank. Since users and applications are at the same location, high performance may be guaranteed. Centralization of the server system is flexible and not bound to specifications. I t will allow the bank to make extensions on its systems and alter its layouts without resource wastages. It helps in consolidation and reduction of crowding of server racks in the data centers ultimately reducing the maintenance costs. Centralization allows for integration of operations and monitoring of the systems for the ease of cross sectional analysis necessary for upgrading the Bank Solutions information gained from all the departments regarding the customers, costs and employees data to ensure the effectiveness of updating.Advertising Looking for report on it? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Such an approach ensures the improvement of service quality. The system helps in enhancing performance through coordination of security, customer support and cost control. In CSIA 485 case, the failure happened due to obsolete servers which they were no longer necessary in the centralized system. This challenges the viability of the costing of upgrading resources since they are irrelevant to the new system. Feasibility Centralization of Bank Solutions, Inc seeks to address the issues in the server security system. The management should address such issues as updates of software, perform regular tests of item process facility, provide secure channels, partition employees according to levels of data access, and improve system efficiency as required by the bank. It will reduce the present data tape storage in unsecure means within data centers, external storage facilities backyards and at Bank Solutions Data Center East, which can lead to data being compromised. However, as the case of CSIA 485 shows, the disadvantage rests on IT professionals, who are in charge of the data centers, since their services become unnecessary in the centralized system, and it might lead to firing most of them, which can result in resistance hampering smooth operations in the bank. Conclusion The case of CSIA 485 requires that Bank Solutions, Inc centralize its servers to effect efficient management of the data systems. Through the adoption of efficient standards, the bank data remains secure and available to only those who receive authorization. Centralization will eliminate duplication of IT infrastructure in the offices and reduce on unnecessary IT expenses leading to high efficiency of utilization of resources and elimination of potential data insecurities. The company must be ready to incur the costs involved and take advantage of the flexibility that the system will provide. Through effective maintenance and availability of the necessary requirements, the company will be in a po sition of assuring customer satisfaction always. References Camara, S., Crossler, R., Midha, V. Wallace, L. (2011). Disaster Recovery and Business Continuity: A Case Study for CSIA 485. Journal of Information Systems Education. 22 (2), 117-122. Kim, D., Solomon, M. (2011). Fundamentals of information systems security. Sudbury, MA: Jones Bartlett Learning. National Institute of Standards and Technology. (2009). Recommended Security Controls for Federal Information Systems and Organization. NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 3. Retrieved from https://csrc.nist.gov/publications/detail/sp/800-53/rev-3/archive/2010-05-01

International Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 10

International Business - Essay Example Primary activities are those activities which involve the organisation of supplies inputs or inbound logistics, operations of manufacturing, delivery as well as the distribution of commodities (Distribution is also referred to as outbound logistics), marketing of products and lastly, sales as well as after –sales services. Each of these mentioned primary activities has the aid of support activities and this is the point at which support activities come in. Support activities may involve; a company’s planning capacity, development of technology, human resource management (HRM), and procurement activities. (Weiss, 2002 p 144) The analysis of global commodity chain involves a process of study on value creation in the process of production and distribution. Business strategies are also very close to the function of value chain, this is since it says that in the world economy goods’ production is in a chain process commencing from one country up to the final country. Each process in the commodity chain has value being added to the product and the magnitude of value relies on the competitiveness in the market. More and more the largest value is enhanced in the product branding and differentiation processes as evidenced in large business organisations like Nike. Analsysing commodity chain aids in the understanding of power relations displayed in the global system. It’s made possible by the world financial order as administered by the IFIs – International Financial Institutions. Commodity chain study unravels understanding of the function of branded transnational capitalism. It also promises to guide in the exploration of the fluctuating distribution of realisations of value between the social groups at the steps of production and the differing fractions of elites of the transnational business. (Murphy 2008 pp 9-10) Member states of OECD’s government as well as the political approach are the ones

Modern Imperalism(The british Empire) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Modern Imperalism(The british Empire) - Essay Example Being often dubbed â€Å"internal colonialism†, those relationships, according to Levine, did little, if anything, to narrow the gap between the rich and the poor, but exploited the divide for colonial ends (11). Insofar as the poor had found a solution, although not always an easy one, to their problems, migrating in large numbers from their impoverished regions into distant lands, the eighteenth- and nineteenth-century British Empire is largely considered â€Å"a significantly Scottish enterprise† (Levine 11). On the other hand, as Judd points out, the primary motive and most powerful drive behind the establishment of the Empire and its global growth was the â€Å"desire for profitable trade, plunder and enrichment† (3). Thus, having served many useful purposes, besides bringing wealth to a substantial part of the British population, the Empire was seen as both â€Å"a mainstay† of the restored Stuart monarchy after the period of republican rule known as â€Å"the Commonwealth and Protectorate† and the stabilising factor in â€Å"the post-revolutionary Britain of the late seventeenth century† (Judd 3-4). ... d been perceived as â€Å"underwriting the nation’s future in a variety of ways†, including as â€Å"a means of uniting the British people in a common cause, a means of â€Å"inspiring a sense of international mission†, as well as a â€Å"device to blunt the edge of class warfare and egalitarian philosophies†; most notably, however, the Empire helped boost both the confidence of the individual and the nation, stifling fears of degeneration and decline. (Judd 4-5). This essay is intended to review the reasons for the British invasion in Egypt in 1882, including such as the situation in Europe, imperial geopolitics, commercial and strategic interests, as well as domestic economic concerns due to the pressure of increased international competition. The essay argues that the invasion was necessitated by a cocktail of factors, whose relative weigh varied with each stage of the British involvement. 2. Historical Background Porter point out that the British Empi re significantly changed over the nineteenth century; thus, the West Indian islands rapidly lost their relative importance in the British trade after 1815, whereas the westward extension of Canada to the Pacific, along with the emergence of six colonies in Australia, transformed not only altered the pattern of investment distribution within the Empire, but also created a number of â€Å"self-governing, self-confident ‘settler capitalist societies’†, which generated nearly â€Å"16.5 per cent of Britain’s overseas trade† (Porter 5). Despite the changes, India, which underwent a consolidation of the British control over its territories between 1819 and 1870 – remained of â€Å"paramount importance in any assessment of Imperial assets† (Porter 5-6). This expansion, in turn, brought about other significant developments,

Organizational Theory Design and Change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 5

Organizational Theory Design and Change - Essay Example Some factors arising from the organization’s structure and culture that assign subunits varying degree of power are as follows: An organization fundamentally gets hold of resources from the environment. Therefore, the subunit that assumes greater control over the organizational resources, retains greater power as compared to other subunits, that so not have as strong a hold over them. In addition to the organizational resources, a subunit’s approach to the strategic information and its control of it are the cardinal sources of its authority. Subunits assuming a central responsibility to the flow of resources are able to minimize the vagueness that other subunits face (Jones). Therefore, any subunit that is able to control an organization’s principal sources causing uncertainty retains considerable power, though, as the contingencies an organization faces change, the distribution of power between individual subunits changes. Besides, if a subunit assumes such a ro le in the organization’s structure that no other subunit can play, then it becomes vital for the organization’s success. Such a subunit becomes quite nonsubstitutable, in comparison to other subunits, that may be meddled with or replaced as per the need of the hour. Works cited: Jones, Gareth. Organizational Theory, Design, and Change. 6th ed. NJ: Prentice Hall.  2007.

Innovations in Technology for Hospitals

Innovations in Technology for Hospitals Public service Innovations through ICT  Ã¢â‚¬Å"eHospital-Dompe† Project â€Å"mChanneling† – a story of transformation of a government hospital in Sri Lanka. Abstract: District Hospital – Dompe is in Gampaha District, having the bed strength of 102 beds under Ministry of Health- Western Province. It’s †eHospital-Dompe† project is the most successful electronic transformation of a government hospital in Sri Lanka. The â€Å"eHospital Dompe† project was aimed making a District Hospital in Sri Lanka more efficient through adaptation of ICT solutions and appropriate change management. â€Å"mChanneling† solution is the first ever automated appointment system in a government hospital in Sri Lanka it is a service provided FREE OF CHARGE to deliver more patient friendly service. A unique public private sector partnership of Ministry of Health, all categories of hospital health staff, ICTA, Well wishers from the community, software hardware providers, presidential secretariat mobile partner were among the cornerstones of the success of this project. Keywords: eHospital-Dompe, Government Hospital, ICT, Change Management, mChanneling Introduction: This project was conceived in 2010. At that time the District Hospital, Dompe was an ordinary government hospital. The hospital was disorganized, overcrowded and there were unnecessary delays that compromised total patient care. The author, the hospital administration, and the hospital staff wanted to change the situation and make the hospital more efficient. Under the guidance of Regional Director of Health Services-Gampaha and Acting Director of the Hospital, the author, with the help of all categories of hospital staff launched a programme to provide efficient health care. The programme included attitude changing, improving moral, building up of team spirit and obtaining optimal use of the abilities of the staff. In addition re-arrangement of the hospital setting, provision of specific accesses to each service points especially emergency access and improving the quality of care provided, were also included into the programme. A new patient Registration Desk, Queue Management Centre, and a Reception Desk were established and 5s concepts were introduced. In addition, an uninterrupted power supply solution was installed with the assistance of donors in the community. Objectives: Rearrangement of the hospital setting to provide a hassle-free service Provision of efficient health care service Uplifting of quality of care provided into international standards The ultimate goal is to have a â€Å" Happy Content Patient â€Å" The ICT Solution – Background: We believed that an information technology solution would help make the hospital more efficient and approached the Information and Communication Technology Agency of Sri Lanka (ICTA) for support. The ICTA’s â€Å"eSociety† initiative supported us with a grant of Rs.4,150,000.00 for wired networking, computer hardware, and software. This was facilitated by Director, re-engineering government programme, Head of eSociety initiative and Project Manager for eHealth of ICTA. We visited Base Hospital-Karawanella where an ICT system was already in place. This enabled us to get an idea of the software that was available. We found that the software had to be customized to make it suitable for our hospital. After extensive discussions Lunar Technologies, Kalutara, under the direct guidance of the author and his team, developed a new system [Hospital Health Information Management System (HHIMS) Version 1.2]. This system has undergone several revisions since then. It is now available as free and open source software that could be downloaded, installed, and used by anyone. This was facilitated by the ICTA. To deploy the software solution, we networked all the Units of the Hospital, and bought an in-house server [Processor – Quad core E5530 Xeon 2.4 Ghz]. All the networking was wired and was done by Sri Lanka Telecom Services. All the service points/units were provided with a computer [A total of 41 computers: 31 were desktops (processor – Dual core) and 10 were laptops (processor i3)]. Sri Lanka Telecom Services was also the hardware provider. The system was inaugurated on 27 December 2011 under the patronage of Secretary, Ministry of Health (Western Province) and Regional Director of Health Services-Gampaha. The Process: In this project, all the units of the hospital are networked (wired) with an in-house server. All the service points/units are provided with computers linked each other. When a patient comes to the OPD, he will be registered in our system (once in life time) provided with a system generated Patient Identification Number a Patient specific Bar-Code. With this Bar-Coded Patient’s Health Card, the patient is then sent to Electronic Queue Management Centre. There, he will be given the today’s token to assign the correct place in the queue correct doctor’s chamber. Then he will be sent to doctor for consultation. All the doctors are provided with laptops bar-code scanners. When the doctor swipes the patient’s card with the barcode scanner, the doctor can get the patient’s demographic data, past medical surgical history, allergic history etc. within seconds. After the examination, the doctor enters the prescription/ procedure/lab test to the system accordingly. The patient is then sent to the relevant unit to get the ordered treatment done. When the patient goes to the dispensary, the pharmacist there can get patient’s prescription by swiping Bar-Coded Patient’s Health Card. The Laboratory, dressing room, injection room, E.T.U, Medical clinics Dental clinic are also connected to the system. All the daily reports (OPD register, Drugs dispensed, Drug Stock Balance) are generated by the system. When the patent is admitted to hospital, his medical records are updated with the relevant details at the discharge a system generated diagnosis card is issued. Three (03) backups are generated by the system automatically per day data encryption, predefined user access levels, individual usernames /passwords ensure data security. An additional feature of the system is immediate notification of notifiable diseases via email. Stand alone clinics in the hospital, such as the Medical Clinic, Family Medical Clinic, and the Screening Clinic for Non Communicable Diseases (NCDs) are also linked to the system. The DMO’s office is also linked to the system and as a result, he can monitor the hospital from his room. Advantages: The system has been in operation for approximately 2  ½ years at the time of writing this paper. The system holds data of well over 50,000 patients. The OPD has become methodical, efficient and trouble free after the implementation of the IT solution. Two minor staff officers who manually did daily registrations have been re assigned for other tasks now, saving manpower. The OPD staff is benefited from the electronic queue management system and system generated daily reports. They enjoy their work in a paperless environment. There is no more manual searching of previous prescriptions as there are no chits books. The patients are easily managed now as they have faith in the system. The doctors have benefited by getting accurate, comprehensive past histories with medication, investigations and demographic data. They get to know about the availability of drugs immediately. They can plan the patient’s management and easily retrieve lab reports .With all those information doctors can make a more accurate diagnosis. At the same time they are directed for rational use of drugs, especially antibiotics. Doctors can also make sure that the ordered procedure was performed correctly at the relevant unit. The doctors can have a look at statistics for their personal interest (e.g. the number of patients treated by him/her). The nurses in each unit have benefited by their tasks being made easy as they get clear orders from doctors in advance of the patients’ arrival, which helps them to get ready for the treatment. In addition, they get system generated daily summaries. The pharmacists /dispensers are able to get legible prescriptions with automatic calculation of the number of tablets, making their duty easier. In addition, automatic stock balancing has reduced their workload made the dispensary process methodical accurate. The Medical Laboratory Technicians receives properly labeled samples. The administrator is also benefited as he/she can monitor the whole process sitting in his/her room. Obtaining statistical data is made easy by the system and it helps to utilize manpower optimally. Remote monitoring, easy statistical works, optimal resource utilization made health administrators duty easy. But, the main advantage is for the patients. With the help of the system they get better care. They will be able to have a personal medical record into international standards able to get treated in a short period of time in patient friendly environment. â€Å"mChanneling†- a FREE appointment system : mChanneling solution is the first ever automated appointment system in a government hospital in Sri Lanka it is a service provided FREE OF CHARGE. It is a joint effort of Presidential Secretariat, Ministry of Health(Western Province),ICTA, Regional Director of Health Services(Gampaha) District Hospital-Dompe. The free health system in Sri Lanka is obviously providing a service with quality to the nation. Though the quality of care is high, the efficiency of service is questionable at the O.P.D level. To overcome that delay seen in the O.P.D at D.H Dompe, an IT solution had been implemented 02  ½ years back functioning well by the moment. When the traditional paper based O.P.D is functioning, a patient’s overall average waiting time at the O.P.D is 01 hour 41 minutes. With the implementation of the IT solution the average waiting time has been reduced to 55 minutes. But with the busy life style even that time period seemed to be longer our attempt was to decrease the waiting time up to 30 minutes. To reach our goal, we planned an automated appointment system called â€Å"mChanneling† for the O.P.D of District Hospital-Dompe. As it is a timely need of entire Sri Lankan health sector, the design was made to be more simplified usable in any hospital in Sri Lanka. The solution can be functioned with only one computer with a internet access at any hospital the hospital need not to be a eHospital(computerized hospital) also. The mchanneling platform is a web-based one the administrative powers are with hospital authorities. The number of appointments to be issued each day is decided by the hospital itself uploaded. The hosting organization (Mobitel) is then open it to the general public by an IVR (interactive voice response).The hosting is FREE of charge the channeling is also FREE. The patient has to bear the call charge only there are no hidden charges. The assigned mchanneling HOT LINE Number is 0711-370370 . When a patient calls to the hotline, it is connected with Mobitel’s server redirected with a predefined voice IVR. It provides appointments only from District Hospital-Dompe Base Hospital-Dambadeniya by the moment. The patient can select the preferred language should go on as directed by the voice IVR. The automated IVR will ask for the date for the appointment the patient has to select time of the appointment. Each appointment contains 15 minutes any caller can obtain only 02 appointments per day by one phone number. The patients are facilitated to obtain an appointment within next 07 days. At the end of voice IVR, the patient has to confirm the selected appointment/appointments. Then the patient will receive a system generated confirmation SMS with details of appointment a reservation ID. The patient is asked to come to the hospital with the details of the obtained appointment- the SMS or the phone number from w hich the appointment is obtained or the Reservation ID . The reception desk staff of the hospital is facilitated with an access to mChanneling web interface able to track the reserved appointments online real time. The patients with appointments are provided with a PRIORITY CARD at the reception desk sent to the doctor assigned for mChanneling, according to the appointment time. The doctor is doing the consultation ordering the medicines as usual (At D.H Dompe it is done through the already implemented IT solution). Then the patient is sent to the special mChanneling counter at the dispensary for a priority service his priority card is collected. Advantages: The main advantage of mChanneling is to the general public as this solution enlighten the free health system in Sri Lanka by making it more patient friendly. The patients will experience an efficient service with minimal time spent at the Hospital. The Electronic Health Records Computerized Hospital Health Information Management System will be adding strength to the patients’ overall experience. The hospital staff will also benefitted by getting to know about the patients who supposed to visit the hospital, beforehand. The administrators will be able to allocate resources manpower accordingly. In addition, the health staff can experience the online web applications its usability it will lead to a carrier improvement of the staff making a more competent health worker. Challenges: There are two main challenges in the Sri Lankan health sector that prevents embracing of IT. First is the complexity of the health sector and the other is poor knowledge and attitudes towards IT. We launched several programmes to overcome the later problem. Several lectures, workshops, competitions (e.g. Best Worker Competition), 5S programmes, productivity programmes (Institutional/Home/Green Productivity) and Out Bound Training(O.B.T) were arranged for all health staff with the view to changing their attitudes. All of our staff has been given basic computer training under the guidance and direct involvement of the Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Moratuwa. Head of the Department, guided the programme. Then we selected 60 staff members who were directly involved with the system and provided them with software training. A selected small group was trained on basics of hardware as well. They were refreshed and guided regularly by the author. Small user group d iscussions were conducted to understand and improve the usability.The community was convinced by posters, banners public addressing system of the hospital. The patients got used to the new system rapidly. They were intelligent enough to understand the value of this project and it made our task easier. The Acceptance: Under the ethical clearance of Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya with the approval of Education , Training Research Unit of Ministry of Health, a cross sectional descriptive study was conducted to access the Customer satisfaction on using Information Technology in treating patients at Out Patient Department. 384 patients were interviewed. Median age of the study group was 42 years (Inter-quartile range: 33 to 52) and 297 (77%) were females. Among them, 334 (87%) had never used computers, 230 (60%) were not employed and 358 (93%) had more than one visit to the hospital. Three hundred eighty (99%) were highly impressed on using a personal health identification card and 336 (87%) believed their personal data is secured. Majority were â€Å"highly impressed† for using Information Technology on obtaining appointment at registration counter (n=381, 99%), during doctor consultation (n=374, 97%) and on obtaining drugs at pharmacy (n=375, 98%). Three hundred and fifty (91.1%) believed overall time spent at hospital has reduced as a result of less waiting time at registration counter (n=369, 96%), doctor channeling (n=367, 95%) and pharmacy (n=346, 90%) and all felt the quality of care has improved after introducing Information Technology. All patients recommended extending the present syst em to other clinics and wards. The way forward .. The system has been in successful operation for 2  ½ years by now. We always try to improve the software and its usability to improve the quality of health care provided by our hospital. Improving the patient’s health card with the Health Identification Number (HIN) proposed by the Ministry of Health is one of our priority expectations. We are working hard to ensure a more patient friendly service with use of Information Technology . Infrastructure development within our hospital is also necessary for the sustainability of the project. The electronic Bed Head Ticket and inter connectivity with other hospitals are needed to have an effective electronic transformation and these are within our reach. Conclusion: With the experience gathered through the â€Å"eHospital-Dompe† project, we can conclude that appropriate use of ICT can definitely contribute to improvement in the quality of care provided in the Sri Lankan healthcare sector. Electronic Resources: 1. eHospital- Dompe Project in YouTube. Available at: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-YqujXDfHHQ 2.Hospital Health Information Management System (HHIMS) Can be downloaded from git://gitrepo.icta.lk/hhims/hhims.git By: Dr. K.B Sampath Kulathilaka (M.B.B.S(Sri Lanka), Cet. In Health Programme Management( Uni. Of Colombo) Medical Officer In-charge of â€Å" eHospital-Dompe â€Å" Project â€Å"mChanneling† District Hospital – Dompe 0777-577927 / 0718-672770 Email ; [emailprotected]

Child Abuse and Neglect :: Violence Against Children

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There have been various studies based on childhood sexual abuse and relationships in adulthood. There have been studies that had shown that multiple maltreatment and loss experiences in childhood interfered with the formation of secure attachments that created adult problems in self and social functioning. Childhood maltreatment showed there was poor adult self-functioning in the form of higher levels of depression and lower levels of self-esteem. Self blame in response to childhood sexual abuse and maltreatment in adult relationships also predicted poorer adult self and social functioning for individuals with childhood sexual abuse.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A study by Gerard McCarthy and Alan Taylor have shown that abusive childhood experiences are linked to difficulties in establishing supportive cohabiting relationships during adulthood. Their study aims to identify specific psychological factors mediating links between child abuse and adverse adult psychological functioning. Participants who had experienced child abuse were more likely to experience difficulties in adult love relationships, but self-esteem and relationship attributions were not found to be linked to child abuse.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The most common effect of childhood sexual abuse during adulthood for women is rage. A study by Susan G. Painter and Carol C. Howell studied women’s sexuality after childhood sexual abuse. Researchers in this particular study interviewed women who expressed raged through their sexuality. Results indicated that rage and maladaptive behaviors are learned in childhood and carry over to adult relationships. Although anger is common in the abused female, it is frequently pushed into unconscious at the time of the abuse. When the abused becomes aware of her anger, it has become rage. Women who were sexually abused as children grow up repressing anger; as a result they may enter adulthood totally unaware of the rage that lies within them. Researchers (Draucker, 1996; Maltz, 1991) reported that childhood sexual abuse may cause negative attitudes about touch and sex that result in troublesome reactions to adult sex.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Many incest survivors had struggle with their abuse unaided, and that number of those who are in prisons, mental institutions, or working in prostitution have been influenced by a history of sexual abuse. Those who have been most affected by such abuse may be unable to verbalize their pain and anger. Child sexual abuse is a violation that affects every aspect of a child’s life. Trusting relationships may be brought into question for a child once sexual boundaries have been violated. The sexually abused child experiences a pervasive anxiety that cannot be relieved by the usual self-comforting behaviors of children.

Diary Task Unit 4 Task 1 Essay

In order to complete the diary task, it is important that you use the format given. Within this diary task, you need to draw from your experiences within your nursery placement. You need to ensure that your supervisor signs your diary sheet before submission (on the back page 360). Your work will not be accepted without it and your work will count as a late submission. You also need to submit your grading criteria sheet (Page 363). There is no word limit. You need to write thoroughly (but sensibly). You should not be writing as much as an assignment. You need to use the headings that have been given to you below. Task 1: Choose TWO 2 ways from the list in which you have been involved in keeping children safe: †¢ Identifying possible hazards in the setting †¢ Sterilising feeding equipment †¢ Encouraging children to use resources in a safe and controlled way †¢ Comforting a child who is ill and reporting necessary information to the appropriate person †¢ Dealing with a minor accident or injury †¢ Following a procedure to avoid transmitting infection †¢ Maintaining security during arrival and departure times in the setting P4.1 Describe your involvement in EACH situation You need to identify the two points that you have chosen. You then need to describe your involvement in each situation (We suggest you answer them in two separate paragraphs) Remember to link to your practice and give examples of how you have been evolved. P4.2 Show evidence of your knowledge of procedures in EACH situation You need to link clearly to your practice We recommend that you link to polices and procedures in the setting to demonstrate evidence of your knowledge. You can have appendices if you wish but only put in relevant information that you are going to refer to. P4.3 Evaluate briefly your role in EACH situation You need to consider how valuable your role was Did something go wrong? Why? What could have been done differently? What was the impact on the children and other staff? Are you given opportunity to develop your role in these areas? If so how and if not then what actions are you going to put into place e.g. meeting with your supervisor. Remember to reference to back up your ideas and provide a bibliography REMINDER: Please spend time on your diary tasks as you need to ensure you achieve a minimum of 80 Marks overall to receive a grade E. Please refer to the CACHE Candidate Handbook for further guidance (P.395).

Pres. George W. Bush and the Middle East essays

Pres. George W. Bush and the Middle East essays This essy explores 3 Bush quotes about the Middle East to analyze, from a layperson's perspective: 1) what is he saying (or trying to say)? 2) are his administrations policies consistent with the statement? Quote @ "There's nothing more deep than recognizing Israel's right to exist. That's the most deep thought of all. ... I can't think of anything more deep than that right." This statement seems to be the result of very shallow thinking: a more literate person would most likely have substituted "profound" for "deep" in the sense of "thoroughgoing; far-reaching: profound social changes; penetrating beyond what is superficial or obvious." Looking at the history of the conflict between the Israelis and the Palestinians, I wonder why the Palestinians' right to their homeland is not also considered "deep"? There are even Israeli and Jewish American organizations that agree that if the Israeli government is serious about peace, they will withdraw settlers from Palestinian lands. In the same press conference that this quote came from, Bush all but affirms that the Israelis are friends, while the Palestinians are just, well, Palestinians... "But we're concerned about the Middle East, because it's affecting the lives of the Palestinians and our friends, the Israelis." Quote B: "There's a lot of people in the Middle East who are desirous to get into the Mitchell process. Andbut first things first. Thethese terrorist acts and, you know, the responses have got to end in order for us to get the frameworkthe groundworknot framework, the groundwork to discuss a framework for peace, to lay theall right." 1. There are Middle Eastern people who want to follow the Mitchell Plan. What's the Mitchell Plan? It's a plan developed by a group of Middle East experts, led by former U.S. Senator George Mitchell and including Warren Rudman and their colleagues Suleyman Demirel(Turkey), ...

Iraq Survey essays

Iraq Survey essays I went around a high school during lunch to survey a student and ask him about some questions about our situation with Iraq and the Middle East. I asked a series of fifteen questions to see what their opinions and feelings were for issues that can or will come up as this situation grows. Their opinions were similar to what I feel, but some aspects were different with my interviewee. The first question asked was concerning the US military draft. He said that he was terrified of the thought of being drafted into war. He is afraid that if the war grows large enough, that there would be a chance he could be drafted. I feel the same way, because I just turned eighteen and the possibility of being drafted is there. I am also concerned that if the war grows, that I could be drafted and sent to the Middle East. The second question asked was about homeland security. I asked if there was a fear that we could be bombed or attacked at home. He said that he was scared that we could be attacked somehow, but not by means of a bombing. He feels that there is no immediate threat to Ooltewah, Tennessee. I also feel that way, but I am afraid that Oak Ridge could be a target and that could endanger us in this area. The third question was asking if he agrees that we are the largest threat to world peace. He did not know the answer to this question, but I would have to say no that we are working towards a better, safer world. I disagree with Britain saying that we posed the largest threat to world peace. The fourth question was whether or not bin Laden was still alive and whether or not he poses a threat to the United States. He said that he thinks that he is still alive, and that he poses a larger threat to the US than Iraq. I would disagree because Iraq is more organized and a longer known enemy. We think Iraq has built weapons of mass destruction and is not afraid to use them. I have not heard of bin Laden ha ...

Tidal Barrage Social and Economic Benefits Vs Environmental and Dissertation

Tidal Barrage Social and Economic Benefits Vs Environmental and Ecological Negatives - Dissertation Example There is a major difference between a dam and a tidal barrage in the sense that dams store water on one side whereas, tidal barrages firstly allow water to flow into a river during high tides and later releasing the water back during low tides (Heal, 2009). This is mainly done by controlling the tidal flow and sluice gates. A sluice gate is a barrier made of wood or metal set in the sides of waterways. The main purpose of sluice gates is to control water level and flow in rivers and bays. They are also used in wastewater treatment to recover wide arrays of minerals in mining operations (Iwo-Hwu, 2008). Tidal barrages are the oldest and most convenient methods of tidal power generation; many countries like Russia, the UK, and China have been benefitted by it. However, there are positive and negative factors associated with tidal barrage. A Tidal barrage may offer social and economic benefits in terms of producing tidal energy that can be useful for the society at the cost that is very affordable and economical (Sobolev, et al, 2009). This helps in meeting energy needs along with adding value to the social and economic framework. The research is based on ascertaining the importance of tidal barrages along with analysing the social and economic benefits and environmental and ecology negatives. For this purpose, a systematic and critical approach will be undertaken to underpin the pros and cons of tidal barrage and thus reflecting the overall value and challenges. 1.2: Research Aim The research aims to investigate the importance of tidal barrage along with underpinning the social and economic positives and environmental and ecological negatives. In order to support and strengthen the proposed research aim, the researcher has formulated few research objectives that have been discussed as follow: 1.3: Research Objectives The purposed research objectives are as follow: To underpin the usefulness and impact of tidal barrage in a critical manner To assess and analyse th e social and economic positives To evaluate and assess the environmental and ecological negatives To critically assess the value and contribution of tidal barrage in strengthening the overall infrastructure To offer recommendations based on the results to enhance the positive effects of a tidal barrage 1.4: Research Questions The researcher has formulated few research questions that will further help in seeking answers for the proposed research aim and objectives. The research questions are as follow: 1. What is the usefulness and significance of tidal barrage? 2. What are the social and economic benefits associated with the effective maintenance of tidal barrage? 3. What are the environmental and ecological challenges associated with the structuring of tidal barrage? 4. What are the initiatives that can be undertaken to enhance the utility and benefits of tidal barrage? 1.5: Rationale for the Research Topic Sources and resources of energy play a pivotal role in the social and econo mic development of countries. Oftentimes, conventional sources of energy help nations to cut power costs along with safeguarding the environment and eco-system. In this regard, tidal barrages have emerged as one of the highly cost

Presentation notes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Presentation notes - Essay Example In the cost method, depreciation is charged in the income statement against income as an expense, and the value of the asset after deducting depreciation is carried to the balance sheet. In the revaluation method, any increase in future value of the asset, is recorded in the balance sheet and is recognized directly in equity under the head revaluation surplus. If the future value of an asset decreases then the decrease is recorded in the income statement as an expense item. Accounting for the revaluation method is beneficial if the future value of the assets increase since the inclusion of revaluation surplus will increase revaluation reserve, which will increase the value of equity of a company. But if the future value is on the verge of decrease it is better to consider the cost method instead of the revaluation method for the purpose valuation of assets on a long-term basis. The reason to this can be explained with the help of a small example given below- Question: A building was purchased by a company on 1st January 2009 at a cost of $100million. The company estimates the life-time of the asset to be 50years, and thus the asset is to be depreciated over 50years. The company decides to use the revaluation for determining the value of the buildings at the end of 2015. The value of the building at the end of 31st December 2015 was $80 million, as determined by an efficient valuer. Answer: Using the revaluation method as opted by the company- Value of the building on 1st January 2009= $100million Value of the building on 31st December 2015= $80million Therefore, Accumulated Depreciation= $20million ($100million-$80million). Thus the value at which the asset is to be carried in the balance sheet on 31st December 2015 is $80million. If the company had opted for the cost method of depreciation, then- Value of the building on 1st January 2009= $100million Life of the asset= 50years Therefore, Accumulated depreciation at the end of 6years on 31st December 2015= $100 million/50years * 6Years = $12million. Thus the value at which the asset is to be carried in the balance sheet on 31st December 2015 is $88million. Thus, from the above example it can be concluded that due to the use of revaluation method, a revaluation loss of $8million was suffered which is adjusted against the existing revaluation reserve of the company. It also led to the increase in the value of depreciation and decreased the value of the asset in the balance sheet. Increase in depreciation will affect the income adversely, as it will lead to a decrease of net income by $8million which will have a consequent effect on the balance sheet and will also impact the shareholders. Considering the above illustration, it is advisable to use the cost method to record the value of land and building of Rabbit Limited. Though revaluation method is considered to provide a more accurate record in terms of part replacement and depreciation, yet it is criticized on the grounds that the amount o f depreciation charged on a particular asset differs year to year though the asset provides the same benefits, which make the accounting system complex and time consuming, and sometimes it is said to have chances of manipulation. So as stated by the director of Rabbit ltd. that the prices of the value of real estate are on the verge of decreasing, so it will be better to use the

International Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

International Management - Essay Example So what challenges do international firms face in a global marketplace? What is the nature, and role of INRP that impact international businesses? This essay explores the diverse elements of INRP in terms of the political, economic, cultural, ethical, and social environment prevalent in different countries; and analyses their impact on businesses with examples drawn from different countries, and trade. This paper concludes with a concise summary of the emerging global challenges to international trade, and business imperatives to overcome them. Globalization has wide encompassing connotations. Whilst the economic integration of businesses has rapidly grown, the political, social, and cultural interfaces across the borders continue to pose challenges to international trade. With maturing economy, institutional transformations become inevitable. In the nascent or emerging phases, economies are often unpredictable and volatile (Meyer, 2001, pp. 357-367). Managing investment and capital in such a market without an understanding of the economic regulations, and trade practices, could turn nightmarish. Scott (2002) categorized the governing institutions as â€Å"regulatory, normative, and cultural-cognitive.† Formal institutions are often characterized by rules, policies, and enforcement laws. Informal institutions on the other hand, are woven around norms, values, and mental models peculiar to a particular geographic region, or country (North, 1994). Such classifications are often useful in international business management for purposes of market analyses. Five decades ago, Hall (1960, pp. 87-96) enunciated five factors that affect bonding of global businesses, which are relevant even in modern day times. Brief interpretations from Hall’s article in the Harvard Business review are summarised below:- Nuances of time: Time has its own silent interpretations across national boundaries. For instance, a delay

Black Consciousness in the Twentieth Century Essay Example for Free

Black Consciousness in the Twentieth Century Essay Ralph Ellison began his 1952 novel with the sentence; â€Å"I am an invisible man.† (Ellison 3) These five words summed up the way in which the majority of Black Americans felt about their place in society at the time. The Civil Rights Movement was still years away, and the caste of American society had placed the Black American near the bottom. The book is in the first person narrative, narrated by a man who considers himself by society’s view point to be invisible because of his race.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The self-awareness of the Black American was limited to only what the white establishment would allow – and in the majority of the country, that was very little. However, the essence for the change that would occur had already been born. The awakening, in the late 1950s, of the Black American would take place in religion, politics, self-awareness and literature. This would become exemplified by the manner in which women in the black communities were treated. The rise of domestic violence was an issue, even in 1950s America – and in both the homes of blacks and whites.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   There would be, though, differences in which this awakening would manifest itself. For some, like those who would march with Martin Luther King, non-violence and pacifism would be the dominate tool to their awakening. For others, the awakening would come in the form of a religious rebirth, and strong assertion of their place in society. There was a responsibility being neglected in the role of the black male to uphold his place of caregiver to his wife and family – as well as to the community as a whole. This was an important issue to realize, as the teachings of Islam would tell. â€Å"The white man wants black men to stay immoral, unclean, an ignorant†. (223). During the course of the novel the protagonists lists ways in which he has become invisible and the reaction he stirs within society because of his ‘blackness’, and as Ellis illustrates in the prologue of the book, â€Å"I live rent-free in a building rented strictly to whites, in a section of the basement that was shut off and forgotten during the nineteenth century.† (Ellis prologue).   The narrator goes on to state that light is a necessity for him since light to him is equivalent to truth (much as it was in Plato’s cave – so here the reader gains a sense of philosophy and of intelligence from the narrator). Throughout the course of the events that aid in defining the narrator the major first event occurs on his college’s campus.   The epiphany that the invisible man has during this time is that a black man whom he had once aspired to be like (i.e. to leave a legacy for his college) is not at all worthy of his aspiration but instead is merely a black man who has disguised himself enough to be able to ‘survive’ in the white dominated society.   Thus, the invisible man has his first exposure to mis-identities and the almost innate need that black men feel they have to become someone else in order to be a part of white society. In another act of deception in the book, the narrator (after a boiler room ‘accident’) is hospitalized; during a state of consciousness he discovers that he has been experimented upon with shock treatment without his knowledge.   This is a severe breach of his constitutional rights as well as his humanity.   Thus, the narrator finds out that he is not considered to be human, or even subhuman but rather a thing, an object, a less than real entity whose presence is a constant element of scorn and fear to the white race (at least through each of the experiences the invisible man has had with white people). Thus, not only is he destroyed through the perception of white people but through his own culture and race as Dr. Bledsoe has given the invisible man letters of recommendation whose intent was merely to waylay the invisible man from coming back to college and to not (as the invisible man had thought was their intention) to get him a job.   Therefore the invisible man is hoodwinked by a person whom he thought he could trust and this leads him to further epiphanies of himself and his race and either’s misconception. The novel is truly about self-awareness through objective perception.   Although the narrator finds brief solace with the Brotherhood and brother Jack (a black organization seeking to unite the black community in New York), this soon turns into another form of hate through jealousy.   The narrator’s position is replaced and he travels outside of Harlem only to return and find his friend dead.   Despite efforts to try and unite the Brotherhood again, the narrator is soon forced to recognized his grandfather’s maxim, â€Å"over come em with yeses, undermine em with grins, agree em to death and destruction. . . (Ellis). The novel is about a man whose invisibility is plagues by mis-identity, and whose overall undertones of outside prejudices define his life as well as his identity up to a point.   The ‘yes man’ that his grandfather advised him to do was a type of camouflage technique in which a man can exist wholly without being noticed by being, in essence, no one at all – by becoming invisible in order to survive.   The sacrifice that the invisible man does is to waylay his hopes and dreams in order to be nothing so that he may survive, not be gunned down by either Brother Jack or by the police.   In essence Ellis’ book contributed greatly to the recognition of the black consciousness and the state of the Civil Rights movement in order for blacks to not be invisible in order to exist. WORKS CITED Ellison, Ralph. The Invisible Man. Random House Inc. New York.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   1952. Gates, Henry Louis. The Signifying Monkey: A Theory of African-American Literary Criticism.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   New York: Oxford UP, 1988. Klein, Marcus. After Alienation: American Novels in Mid-Century. New York: World, 1964. McSweeney, Kerry. Invisible Man: Race and Identity. Boston: Twayne, 1988.

Markets and Society Essay -- Essays Papers

Markets and Society In his famous book, The Wealth of Nations, Adam Smith descried the free market system as a self-regulating mechanism, which maximizes society’s wealth and well-being. Indeed, since the time of Adam Smith, the free market has been an incredibly successful system for improving society. This can be attributed to an increase in overall wealth, innovation, and efficient resource allocation. Unfortunately, the market system also suffered numerous drawbacks, the most important being the inequality and the inequality of opportunity which the system created. These inequalities are best observed in the credit, education, and labor markets. The question of whether the use of free markets is truly preferable method for improving society will be discussed. To elaborate, Adam Smith stated that man should not try to do good, but let good develop as a byproduct of self-interest. Indeed the principle of self-interest has been and always will be the driving force behind the market’s successes. However, since the majority of people do act in their own self-interest, competition develops in the market both among the buyers’ and among the sellers’. Regardless of whether the product is big and expensive like a car or small and cheap like an apple, the seller will want to sell it for the highest possible price and the seller will want the lowest possible price (with the exception of some luxury/status products). During the process of negotiation, the optimum equilibrium price, which is good for both parties, will be agreed upon. As a result, the consumer and producer surplus is maximized, leading to an overall increase in wealth. The greatest success of markets is probably in its steady increased in wealth. For example, in t... ...hich was created by the market system, the market, just like humans, is not perfect. It is certainly not a Panacea for all of societies problems (even Smith realized this when he warned that division of labor creates boring jobs). While the creation inequality is an unavoidable sideffect of its mechanism, the jury is still out on whether this flaw is fatal. Despite the fact that inequality continues to grow steadily, the poor cling to the chance that they will be the lucky few to make it to the top. The concept of self-interest continues to drive markets. While time will tell if the prost of prosperity outweigh the cons of inequality, one must admit that some problems, such as discrimination, must be solved outside of the market through government intervention. Markets should probably used in areas where the need for efficiency outweighs the need for â€Å"social justice.†