Business Fashion Affects Consumer Behavior

Business fashion affects consumer behavior Position 1. 1 Current situation Fashion trend always affect how the majority wear. Recently, a series of casual wear fashion brands have arrived Hong Kong. It drives hundreds of thousands of youngsters or young adults crazy on western casual wear style. It is not hard to observe this in streets. This attributes to fashion brands usually push a mass promotion towards the targeted consumers together with an attractive and all round market offering. fashion brands not only provide a product, but also shopping experience with well created shopping environment, well trained salespersons and well organized after sales services) That’s why consumers are attracted to follow their trends by becoming so fence to the fashion brands. 1. 2 How it affects Consumer behaviors are affected by different stimuli, including marketing strategies. It influences the buyer’s black box, which are buyer characteristics and decision process.For fashion b rands, they usually utilize different marketing strategies in order to adapt or influence social, personal, cultural and psychological factors that affect buyer’s black box and therefore their purchase decision. 1. 3 Reasons behind If fashion brands successfully influence the buyer’s purchase decision, they can gain a huge business chance. That means if they can make up a fashion trend that consistent with their clothing style, it would bring such a million dollar sales.As it becomes a fashion trend, consumer will not only buy it for once, but become loyal as long as it is still ‘fashionable’ to them. it would bring a continuous benefit but not all-for-once. Problems 2. 1 Consumer To some extent, it in fact creates an unnecessary consumption which means it is not purchasing for need. Many exact need recognition to purchase are implied by external stimuli which is not internally implied by consumers itself but made by marketers. Just try to think, how many clothes you bought for need only but not because you think it is good.Why you feel good to the product, which might be it is chic, mostly for the teens and young adults. That implies a problem of overconsumption or even existence of shopaholics or any personal finance. 2. 2 Fashion Fashion brands would create fashion trends to match their clothing style. That might affect the independency of the art of fashion. Fashion is an art, is an expression, is an time mark. It represents many things that weigh. It is more than a business. If it has been used as a market strategies, that , to some extent, limit or even destroy fashion.At least some fashion designers might sacrifice the art value of fashion and turn their design to business oriented, that the fashion design should suit their business marketing strategies. Like many renowned fashion brands, they would fine tune the product shown in the fashion catwalk show before it is sold. Like the high heels designed specially by YSL, which i s a round shape like a quarter of a circle with heel when you look by side, the level of heels have been lowered and fine-tune their design before it is launched to the public.

Ronald Reagan

Ronald Wilson Reagan was born on February 6, 1911, in Tampico, Illinois, to John Edward â€Å"Jack† Reagan and Nellie Wilson Reagan. His father nicknamed him â€Å"Dutch,† saying he looked like â€Å"a fat little Dutchman. † During Reagan's early childhood, his family lived in multiple towns, finally settling in Dixon, Illinois, in 1920, where Jack Reagan opened a shoe store. In 1928, Ronald Reagan graduated from Dixon High School, where he was an athlete and student body president and performed in school plays.During summer vacations, he worked as a lifeguard in Dixon. Enrolling t Eureka College in Illinois on an athletic scholarship, Reagan majored in economics and sociology. There, he played football, ran track, captained the swim team, served as student council president and acted in school productions. After graduating in 1932, he found a Job as a radio sports announcer in Iowa. In 1938, Reagan co-starred in the film Brother Rat with actress Jane Wyman. They got engaged at the Chicago theatre and then married on January 26, 1940.Together they had two children, Maureen, and Christine (who was born in 1947 but only lived one day), and adopted a third, Michael. Following arguments about Reagan's political ambitions, Wyman filed for divorce in 1948. The divorce was finalized in 1949. He is the only US president to have been divorced. Reagan met actress Nancy Davis in 1949 after she contacted him while he was president of the Screen Actors Guild to help her with issues regarding her name appearing on a communist blacklist in Hollywood (she had been mistaken for another Nancy Davis).She described their meeting by saying, â€Å"l don't know if it was exactly love at first sight, but it was pretty close. † They were engaged at Chasen's restaurant in Los Angeles and were married n March 4, 1952, at the Little Brown Church in the San Fernando Valley. They had two children named Patti and Ron. Friends described the Reagans' relationship as close, authentic and intimate. He often called her â€Å"Mommy† she called him â€Å"Ronnie†. He once wrote to her, â€Å"Whatever I treasure and enjoy all would be without meaning if I didn't have you. When he was in the hospital in 1981, she slept with one of his shirts to be comforted by his scent. In a letter to U. S. citizens written in 1994, Reagan wrote, â€Å"l have recently been told that I am one of the millions of Americans who will be afflicted with Alzheimer's disease. I only wish there was some way I could spare Nancy from this painful experience†, and in 1998, while Reagan was suffering by Alzheimer's, Nancy told Vanity Fair, â€Å"Our relationship is very special. We were very much in love and still are.When I say my life began with Ronnie, well, it's true. It did. I can't imagine life without him. † Reagan stepped into the national political spotlight in 1964, when he gave a well- received televised speech for Republican presidential ca ndidate Barry Goldwater, a dedicated conservative. Two years later, in his first race for public office, Reagan defeated Democratic incumbent Edmund â€Å"Pat† Brown Sr. y almost 1 million votes, winning the California governorship. He was re-elected to a second term in 1970.

Groth issues of Aconex company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Groth issues of Aconex company - Essay Example In fact this is part of our strategic management process. 11. What % of sales do you export Majority of our sales are for the overseas market. About 51-80 percent is the export market share in the revenues 12. Is your company taking advantage of the growth of the economies in China or India Yes. These two nations are the fastest growing economies today. With each country having more than a billion consumers, both having strong presence in the IT and ITES sector and availability of quality services with cheaper labor, these two countries are the obvious choice for such a venture. 13. How We have staff (sales and support) directly employed in both China and India. This way we are able to leverage the economies of scale. 14. Are changing demographics affecting your business strategy No. Compatibility with global environment is a prerequisite for survival in today's context. Therefore, companies are supposed to be ready for such diversities. 15. Is your company preparing for an economic slowdown in Australia No. With signals of a thaw in the global slowdown, and some sort of stability in the global financial markets we don't expect such a scenario anytime soon. 16. What are your best tips in a slump Adopting austerity measures in these times of slowdown will help us in remaining better prepared for the uncertain future. One of the quick fire solutions to wade through the slump is cutting down the salaries and being focused and aggressive in our marketing approach. 17. What is your principal aim in expanding the business The principal aim is to build a globally successful and competitive business 18. Did you plan your exit before you started...These days the online platform has bridged those distances. It order to exploit fullest potential of the company we intend to put daylight between us and second place of operation viz. New York and Sydney; Washington and Melbourne etc. We have a set of criteria to determine which markets we should enter next, based on size of market, availability of broadband, and the level of competition. In fact this is part of our strategic management process. Yes. These two nations are the fastest growing economies today. With each country having more than a billion consumers, both having strong presence in the IT and ITES sector and availability of quality services with cheaper labor, these two countries are the obvious choice for such a venture. Adopting austerity measures in these times of slowdown will help us in remaining better prepared for the uncertain future. One of the quick fire solutions to wade through the slump is cutting down the salaries and being focused and aggressive in our marketing approach. We know that the human resource is key to the success of any venture. We try our best to keep the workforce motivated enough to work in sync with the mission nd objectives of the company. Share plans, bonuses, flexible work practices, above average salaries, Volunteer leave are some of the features of our HR policy. In order to sustain the team spirit amongst the workforce, the management is always on th

Analysis of Consumption Choices Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Analysis of Consumption Choices - Lab Report Example The paper primarily analyzes purchase and consumption pattern of consumer (myself) as per the purchases made in two weeks’ period from 8th August to 21st August 2011. 2. Situational influences Purchase of goods made during the period could broadly be divided into four categories: convenience good; shopping goods; specialty goods; and unsought goods. While basic needs were responsible for purchasing convenience goods (annexure attached), the shopping items were deemed necessary primarily because of the need to be comfortable within and outside the academic area. The decision to buy shoes and clothes was influenced by the situation. The old pair of shoes was torn and I lacked appropriate clothes for formal occasions. The books and stationery were essential items and constituted important part of my study curricula. The specialty item like Apple iPad was instantaneous buy as all my friends had it and since I had recently received a little extra money from my parents, I thought I could splurge a little in luxury and save in essential. Maybe, reducing the consumption of cigarettes and keeping away from the temptation of going to sales and goods exhibitions would compensate the luxury buy! The purchase decision of unsought items during an exhibition was mainly influenced by its unique carving which attracted me. They were actually abstract buying and probably satisfied deep craving for the items. 3. Consumption perspectives The consumption behavior is subtle but complex process that takes into considerations various factors like perception of need for the product that could be influenced by personal choice or external elements. Perceiving the need for good can be triggered by the basic human need or through other media like advertisement. I had bought the Apple iPad because I had gathered the information from my friends and acquaintances who had bought the product and knew its super utility and functions. After sales service was also important issue while buyi ng shoes and iPad. Lee et al. (2002) assert that when the consumer experiences satisfaction in relation to the consumption, possession, maintenance, life cycle and the after sales service of the product purchased, he tends to repeat the purchase decisions. Pair of Nike shoes was bought because of satisfaction with the good. The other convenience goods had long term satisfaction history so needed no reference or external influences for buying the goods. In the current environment, the hedonistic and experiential goods have become major competitor of utilitarian products and services. Hedonistic goods are distinct in their pleasure that buyer receives when he/she consumes that good or uses it. The various goods that promote lifestyle statements are important examples of such goods. Experiential consumption, on the other hand is not need based but describes the consumption pattern of new breed of buyers who are motivated by mass culture of representative values of goods and services. I t differs from the hedonistic goods mainly in its feedback and conceptualization aspect. While hedonistic goods give pleasure to the buyer, with or without consumption, the experiential goods are just bought because they represent something important to the society at large. The goods could be bought as a status symbol, even though they do not have any

Management of IT, Radio Frequency Identification Essay

Management of IT, Radio Frequency Identification - Essay Example RFID stands for Radio Frequency Identification which is a very effective and modern system of finding and identifying objects or even organisms. RFID has a lot of uses and is applied to various fields such as criminology, law enforcement, office application etc. It works by 'tagging' and object with either a passive or active tag which can be identified by a RFID reader using radio waves. The tags are powered by the RFID receiver and are only activated when the tag is in range of the receiver. An RFID tag consists of a data sequence encased in the tag housing and is responsible for the identification of the object. The identification sequence starts when the RFID tag comes within the range of the receiver. The receiver will then pick up the tag's signal and decode it for reference. The RFID receiver will then refer the tag's data to its database to verify the identity of the tag's wearer. Once the tag's data (example: the location of the object, time of verification etc.) is processe d and the identity of the object is verified, then the data can be complied in to a larger data set and can be later passed on or processed by another RFID application.(RFiDa.com, n.d.). Figure 1: "This diagram explains the basic schematic of all RFID systems.The Tag or Transponder can be either active or passive. It responds to a signal from the Interrogator (reader/writer/antenna) which in turn sends a signal to the Computer" (High Tech Aid, 2006b). An RFID tag is basically composed of an IC. The IC has a small built-in memory (memory type for an IC is usually ROM or Read Only Memory) capacity and may be equipped with a small processor. The tag communicates with the receiver via air interface, with... This essay approves that the biggest advantage and also the most efficient use seen for RFID system is its potential use in electronic product surveillance. RFID systems avoid the old point-to-point tracking system and instead have the ability t track the product at any point in the merchant operation. RFID tags also make product to product communication possible and even automated product shelves that signal the supervisor when it needs refilling. Human product supervision is still necessary but effort is significantly reduced through the use of RFIDs. This report makes a conclusion that Radio Frequency Identification is yet another one of mankind’s attempts at making life a little more convenient. In its service RFID proves to be a very efficient and effective electronic medium not just for identification and security but for other applications as well. The controversy behind the use of RFIDs is based upon future assumptions and thus far the system is proves to be very limiting and specific for it to be used as a type of wide range surveillance method. Like any other wireless device RFIDs are still not very much accepted today but it may become as common as mobile phones or personal computers in the future. Already, manufacturers and researchers are working hand-in-hand in improving the characteristics of RFID technology such as range, processing power, data storage etc. The fear of losing one’s privacy and the tampering of personal data with the use of RFIDs have no scientific basis and it is best to think that howe ver sophisticated RFID devices can get, they will still be hampered by physical limitations as well as laws and regulations that will determine the scope of their use.

Week14 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Week14 - Essay Example ernational Criminal Court (ICC), Human Right Watch, The White House, among other powerful human rights organizations as well as high profile celebrities such as Winfrey Oprah, Bill Gates and Justin Bieber coming on board (Goodman and Preston par 6). While everyone seems to be in agreement that Kony’s story is both horrific and tragic, a critical evaluation of the film’s oversimplified narrative coupled with the misinterpretation of facts reveals a false sense of what it takes to make a difference in a certainly complex situation. A conditional effectiveness of a social media campaign rests upon one fundamental principle: building a real-life/off-line political community capable and committed to a common cause. Contrary to the notion created on this particular case of the Invisible Children’s KONY2012 campaign, and elsewhere as was the case with the Arab spring, the reality is that Invisible Children worked for nearly a decade to build a willingly enthusiastic network of like-minded folks capable of driving across the United States to showcase its latest films to real people in schools and churches. Similarly, effectiveness and the subsequent success of human rights and democracy campaigners in the Arab worl d (Tunisia, Egypt and Libya among others) had long learned and been hardened by decades of training in human rights and civil disobedience experiences. The protests witnessed at the Tahrir Square in Cairo, for instance, gained root not due to the Tweeter or Facebook influence, but were driven by real grievances by real people with scars of years of outright humiliation (Kersten par 4-7). The Facebook Sharing and Tweeter re-tweeting of the KONY2012 was only a symbolic action done exclusively by non-activists with a minimal effect nearing zero. Simply put, war crimes cannot be fought at the comfort of somebody’s bedroom either sleeping or sited with IPads or IPhones as proof of his/her commitment to the liberal democratic values while real issues remain

Professional Codes of Ethics Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Professional Codes of Ethics - Research Paper Example Provision Five states that the nurse should be competent and accept to serve with integrity. Provision Six stipulates that a nurse, through individual and collective efforts, should strive to offer quality services to the patients by properly manipulating the environment. Provision Seven states that the nurse should adhere to the principle of Evidence-Based Practice and be ready to advance their skills through research and education. It stipulates that a nurse needs to be a team player with collaborates with their colleagues, physicians, doctors, careres and the general public in promoting healthcare in the country.Provision Nine advocates for a strict observance of professional integrity amongst the nurses. In my capacity as a professional nurse, I would like to point out that these codes of ethics are above board. It does not leave out any single issue and strives to highlight all the important aspects of nursing that needs to be observed. In other words, all the elements captured in the list are of great value to the profession since they contain everything that needs to be done to ensure that the nurses do their best. However, the only recommendation that I can make is it can still be made much better if additional provisions are included to touch on the implementation, enforcement and the consequences of failing to adhere with them. Also, it should include a provision that deals with benevolence and the role of communication, confidentiality and the seeking of personal consent while handling a patient.

Ethical Obligations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Ethical Obligations - Essay Example Rather, humans are able to determine courses of action which will benefit the sum whole of humanity and to perform those behaviors which, in their assessment, create the greatest general good regardless of the personal good created. The tendency of humans to perform these actions is called benevolence. Finally, there exists a third motivating factor, which must be taken into account to form a proper moral theory; this third factor will be called obligation. Obligation is the result of the social nature of humans. Suffice to say, for now, that obligations are the motivations to perform actions which result from explicit promises regarding what behavior one will engage in. Obligations have been a key aspect of many influential moral theories. Several great philosophers have heavily relied on the concept of obligations in their moral theories. Perhaps most notably are the ideas of contracts or covenants in Hobbes' Leviathan and Hume's discussion of promises in Of the Obligation of Promises. Both of these philosophers, as well as many others, have developed theories in such a way so as to incorporate obligations, though they often refer to them by another nomenclature, into them. Hobbes relies heavy on obligations, or covenants as he refers to them. According to Hobbes humans in the state of nature realize that it is in their best interest to each relinquish rights to others so as to establish some social order to escape from the aforementioned state of nature. These relinquishments of rights by an individual to another individual or to the group as a whole are covenants. Hobbes asserts that these covenants are brought about by two principles he claims to be laws of nature: "[t]hat every man, ought to endeavor Peace, as far as he has hope of obtaining it; and when he cannot obtain it, that he may seek, and use, all helps, and advantages of War," and, "[t]hat a man be willing, when others are so too, as far-forth, as for Peace, and defense of himself he shall think it necessary, to lay down this right to all things; and be contented with so much liberty against other men, as he would allow other men against himself." It follows, then, that in so far as one en tering a covenant will foster peace and the person with whom one is entering the covenant is equally willing to relinquish rights the covenant existence of covenants is dictated by the laws of nature. It is from these covenants that Hobbes seems to believe obligation arise. Hobbes has the following to say concerning the obligation created by entering a covenant: "he that is to perform in time to come, being trusted, his performance is called Keeping Of Promise, or Faith; and the failing of performance (if it be voluntary) Violation Of Faith." It is clear that Hobbes believes that entering into these covenants does in fact create an obligation and that one should endeavor to fulfill one's obligations. (Wilson, 2003) Hobbes puts such importance on the concept of obligation that he offers the creation and fulfillment of obligations as the only way to escape from the nearly unbearable state that is his conception of the state of nature. Despite his being on the right track in placing such importance on

Quality Management Process Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Quality Management Process - Essay Example "The importance of using a plan in order to guide the firm's communication effort would be able to bring forth a clear, coordinated, memorable, and effective way of interacting with one another" (Draft a Communications Plan, 2006). Based on the data presented in the planning process of the project, an estimated time of at least 330 days could be needed in order to complete the quality communications plan. During the course of this period, the staff and the officials who are leaders of the said projects would be able to complete the tasks required of them. Aside from that, additional changes and revisions could be done within that period. The revisions that should be applied within the project should be done so within schedule and also reason. This is because of the tight project schedule that has been planned in the project. Aside from that, there is also the need to thoroughly examine the outcome of the projects done. Testing the outcome of the said project is also necessary to ensure that it would be exactly as planned. The several steps divided into different categories and these categories would be the basis for the flow of the communication report between the company and the participants for the quality communications plan. ... On the other hand, to save time as the project is in a tight schedule, the report regarding the success of the project should be applied or implemented in a regular basis so that the waiting time would not be that long and that other projects could also be done. In the implementation of the plan, there should only be one resource person from the team that would report to the officials because if there are so many people relaying the information, the management would have a hard time comprehending it. It would also be better if there was some kind of system or a chain of command in relaying the message. Another thing which would be likely included in the quality management process is the budget estimate. A budget estimate seems to be more than the acceptable range because of its urgency to be on time and on schedule. The budget throughout the categories would need to be constant as to oversee that there would be no over-spending done in the project. The starting period would be the difficult part because it needs to be well-established so as the other steps would be next in line therefore, a chunk of the budget should be reserved especially to the start of the project. Despite of that, there would be time to cut back on other cost once the project has been progressing in the direction that it should be heading. Collection of Data in the Quality Communications Plan In order to ensure the implementation of the quality communication plan, certain data and information are needed to be collected. Aside from that, these data would also be a guide in determining whether or not such plans are effective or not. Here are some of the data and information needed upon the implementation of the quality

Youth during the Great Depression Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Youth during the Great Depression - Essay Example al. 670-671). There is little doubt that experiences of the rail riding youths of the Depression were impacted and influenced but those experiences in a number of different ways; some positive and some negative. On October 29, 1929 the Stock market crashed. This day is often called â€Å"Black Tuesday.† This crash did not just affect the United States, but multiple countries and economics all over the world. Herbert Hoover held the office of United States President when the Depression began and despite his dedication to optimism, conditions were only getting worse. Many Americans blamed Hoover for the Depression as a whole. Of course, this historical event cannot be blamed on any one person, but a number of economic variables, financial aspects, and other contributions. Because unemployment was so extreme in so many parts of the country that many people became almost entirely migrant; walking, hitchhiking, or riding train cars. As can be seen above, people were essential living like refugees all over the nation. Whenever news of jobs was heard, sometimes, hundreds of people would arrive to apply. The Human traffic moving from one place to another was immense. Approximately 250, 000 teenagers, mostly male, hit the road and rode the rails The 2009 film â€Å"Riding the Rails† interviews, discusses, and delves into the experiences of the teens during the Depression through the stories of the men and women who lived it. These stories have the ability to make you think at the time, the culture, and hardships experienced by the generations before us and how very different the cultural mentality is today. Again there were many reasons that the youths of the Depression left home and found themselves riding the rails. Clarence Lee’s father approached him and explained that this there simply was not enough to feed him anymore; he left home the next day. Peggy DeHart and her traveling companion, Rene Champion, hitchhiked across the country and occasionally road

Designs of Heat Exchangers Essay Example for Free

Designs of Heat Exchangers Essay Heat transfer from one substance to another plays a major role in the process of some commonly use technology today. The heat transfer is done to control temperature, to heat up a cooler substance, or to cool down a hotter substance. This process is done by a machine called the heat exchanger. The heat exchanger is commonly used in the space heating, in cooling of engines, refrigeration and other processes which need temperature control. They are classified according to their flow arrangement design. One is the parallel-flow design which the two substance flow from the same direction and exit at the same direction also. The other one is the counter-flow design on which the fluids flow on opposite direction. The last one is the cross-flow heat exchanger where the fluids flow perpendicular to each other (Heat Exchanger Design, Inc. 2009). Figure 1. Parallel-flow and Counter-flow Design (Engineering Edge 2009) There are also several types of heat exchangers depending on its design. Some are shell and tube heat exchangers, plate heat exchangers, Regenerative heat exchangers and many others. The shell and tube design of the heat-exchanger consists of two sets of tubes. The first set of tubes is where the cooled or heated fluid flows and on the other set of tubes is the fluid that needed to be heated or cooled. The fluids are separated by the tube’s wall. This design ensures a better protection from leakage because of the tube design. So this design is ideal for the treatment of highly pressurize fluids (Kakac Liu 2002:8). The plate heat exchanger is consisting of multiple, thin and slightly separated plates which allow a larger fluid flow area fro heat transfer. It is said to be more effective than the shell and tube design because it provides more surface area for heat transfer. Additionally, the plate heat exchangers have recent developments on its brazing and gasket that makes it practical to use than other heat exchangers. However, the plate heat exchanger is needs a lot of space and it is more susceptible to leakage (Wang, Sunden Manglik 2007). The regenerative heat exchangers are heat exchangers that make use of the heated fluid after a process to be the heating fluid for the next process. This design can be on a plate or shell and tube structure. The advantages of this type are adapted from the design it is structured. Furthermore, this design brought an economical perspective to the first two designs. On the other hand, this design is only intended for the use of gas substances as fluids (Saunders 1988). Figure 4. Regenerative Heat Exchanger (Defense Research Development Organization 2004) The adiabatic wheel heat exchanger is a machine which uses a third substance, fluid or solid, to transfer heat between the streams. The disadvantage of this design is that there will be a small mixing of the two streams in the process of heat transfer (Saunders 1988). The plate fin heat exchanger is highly used in different industries. The plate-fin heat exchangers utilize plates and finned chambers for relatively high heat transfer. It is preferred by other industries because of its ability to transfer heat with to small difference between the streams. Additionally, it has a compact design and is very lightweight (Kakac Liu 2002:17). Another type is the fluid heat exchangers. The process being done is by showering fluids to a gas stream in an upward direction. The process is used in machines that needed gas cooling and purification at the same time (Saunders 1988). Figure 6. Thermal Fluid Heat Exchanger (Thermotech Industries n. d. ) A waste heat recovery unit is a heat exchanger that recovers waste heat from other mechanism and uses it to transfer heat the fluid being heating. This design is very desirable for refineries and plants since they have an abundant amount of waste heat from their machineries. This design is very economical since waste recycled to something useful (Saunders 1988). Figure 7. Waste Heat Recovery Unit (Turner 2005) Dynamic or scraped surface heat exchangers are heat exchangers that have high maintenance cost because of the constant surface scraping. The scraping is due to the process these machines are used. Such processes are heating and cooling of high-viscosity fluids and other highly fouling substance. However, this design has a sustainable heat transfer and it avoids fouling of the surface of transfer (Saunders 1988). Figure 8. Scraped Surface Heat Exchanger (GEA Niro 2008) The phase-change heat exchangers are machines that utilizes liquid and gas phase in heat transfer. These heat exchangers either heat a liquid to boil and evaporate or cool hot gases to condense. This process is common in distillation set ups. The distillation is a process of which a liquid is heated up and cooled down to remove impurities. It is also used in power plants such as nuclear power plants and fossil fuel plants. These power plants usually use steam driven turbines to generate electricity. In which the steam came from the heat exchange between the heater and the liquid (Saunders 1988). The heat exchangers above are heat exchangers which utilizes a wall to separate the two streams of liquids. The classifications above are based on the design of which how the two streams are separated. However, there are other heat exchangers that do not use walls or separators. These are called direct contact heat exchangers. These heat exchangers use two different phases in heat transfer (Saunders 1988). Figure 9. Phase-changed Heat Exchanger (NationMaster. com 2003) There are other heat exchangers in the market today. Some of these are the multi-phase heat exchangers and spiral heat exchangers. Selecting a proper heat exchanger can be a challenging task. It requires technical knowledge about the designs since there are many factors to be taken into consideration. Some are temperature ranges, the composition of the substance to be heated and pressure limits. That is why the decision about the design is made by a computer program or an engineer. Additionally, large companies and corporations tend to design their own heat exchanger to tend to their needs (Wang, Sunden Manglik 2007). Heat exchangers are seen everywhere without you noticing that they are there. The advances in the technology of heat exchangers can produce better results for engineers, researcher and many industrialists since it will increase the efficiency of the process which common machines have today. List of References Defense Research Development Organization (2004). Mechanical Propulsion System. Technology Focus [online] available from http://www. drdo. org/pub/techfocus/oct04/welcomeoct04. html [17 April 2009] Engineering Edge. (2009). Heat Transfer. [online] available from http://www. engineersedge. com/heat_transfer/parallel_counter_flow_designs. htm [17 April 2009] GEA Niro. (2008). Preheating System. [online] available from http://www. niro. com/niro/CMSDoc. nsf/WebDoc/ndkw5y7gby [17 April 2009] Heat Exchanger Design, Inc. (2009). Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger. [online] available from http://www. hed-inc. com/shell-tube. html [17 April 2009] Kakac, S. Liu, H. (2002). Heat Exchangers: Selection, Rating and Thermal Design (2nd Edition). CRC Press Linde Engineering Division (2005). Plate Fin Heat Exchangers. [online] available from http://www. linde-engineering. com/plant_components/plateheatexchanger_aluminium. php [17 April 2009] NationMaster. com (2003). Heat Exchanger. [online] available from http://www. nationmaster. com/encyclopedia/Heat-exchanger [17 April 2009] Saunders, E. A. (1988). Heat Exchanges: Selection, Design and Construction. New York: Longman Scientific and Technical Thermotech Industries (n. d. ) Products. [online] available from http://www. thermotech-finnedtubes. com/products. htm [17 April 2009] Turner, J. (2005). Making the Most of Waste Energy. Science and Technical Information- National Aeronautics Space Administration [online] available from http://www. sti. nasa. gov/tto/Spinoff2005/er_7. html [17 April 2009] Wang, L. , Sunden, B. , Manglik R. M. (2007). Plate Heat Exchangers: Design, Applications and Performance. Southamton, Boston: WIT Press

Porosity Versus Permeability Essay Example for Free

Porosity Versus Permeability Essay Porosity and permeability are two terms that are commonly mentioned together and sometimes, even mistakenly interchanged. It is certain, however, that these two terms are completely different and pertain to different rock, sediment, or soil characteristics. The volume of openings in relation to its total volume determines porosity. The rule of thumb is that, the more tightly packed a rock is, then the less porous it is. As an example, crystals are less porous than volcanic rocks since the crystalline structure allows for compact organization, while volcanic rocks usually form in the presence of gases and therefore contain air spaces. Permeability, on the other hand, pertains to the degree of capacity to enable fluid to pass through. Thus, for example, if a rock has numerous holes in its structure and lets fluids to pass through effectively, then it can be considered as something that is highly permeable. On the other hand, if a rock has holes yet fluid still cannot pass, then it cannot be considered to have good permeability. In this sense, not only are possible passageways required for having good permeability, but the interconnectivity between the passageways is also important in order to allow the fluid to flow through. A sedimentary rock such as shale, which is composed of lithified clay, can be considered to have high porosity and low permeability. Since it is characterized by the numerous irregular spaces and breaks in its structure, it considered to be is rather porous just like other sedimentary rocks. However, due to the fact that the spacing pattern does not convey a continuous path wherein fluids may travel through, it cannot be considered to be permeable; hence, it has low permeability. Therefore, porosity and permeability are indeed distinct from each other, but a directly proportional relationship may commonly be observed between the two; however, there are cases where the relationship does not hold true due to the lack of proper interconnectivity between pores.

Deforestation In Rain Forests Environmental Sciences Essay

Deforestation In Rain Forests Environmental Sciences Essay Deforestation in all Rain Forests is a major issue. Natural forests are cleared through logging and/or burning. Deforestation is being caused by people cutting down the trees for wood, agricultural space and urbanization space. Two cause of deforestation are conversion of forests and forest degradation. Conversion of forest means other land uses including pulp, palm, and soy plantations, and things like roads and other infrastructure. Forest degradation comes from fires, illegal and unsustainable logging, fuel wood harvesting, and climate change. 12 to 15 million hectares of forest are lost each year and are responsible for 15% of all greenhouse gas emissions. Tropical forests are where deforestation is most prevalent, and holds more than 210 gigatonnes of carbon. There are many effects of deforestation like reduce biodiversity, release of greenhouse gas emissions, disrupts water cycles, increases soil erosion, and disrupts livelihoods. There are always two sides to a controversial i ssue. Description The first sides that I am going to be talking about are the pros for deforestation. There are many pros for deforestation like that it will help bring income for families and creates jobs, build homes, and uses wood in their daily lives. In addition, there are many wood products out in the world, and creating grazing and farming lands. Also, some forest areas contain natural resources, so mining will take place instead. Overall, there are many pros to deforestation, but people are causing extra damage, so the cost becomes expensive. There are many benefits to deforestation; it helps out people all around the world. Cutting down the trees would help bring in income for families. Logging corporations help with economy by creating jobs for people. Having the trees cut down, would help build shelters, and homes for people. People use wood for everything, like cooking and a source of energy which helps with daily lives. Wood products such as tables, chairs, dressers, wheel-barrels, construction of doors, window frames, crates, coffins, furniture, plywood sheets, chopsticks, household utensils and other items. The price of the wood is sold to wealthy people who pay 100 times more than the locals. Create land for farming and grazing land for cattle is the largest causes of deforestation. Some forested areas contain other natural resources, such as iron ore or mineral deposits. Deforestation is caused by companies that go in and mine for these resources. Most of the rain forest timber on the international market is sold to rich countries. People who have moved into rain forest areas and established small-scale farming operations cause more harm by cutting down more tree on top of the corporation log large areas of the rain forest. These are the landless peasants who have followed roads that have already damaged rain forest areas. The additional damage they are causing is extensive. Shifted cultivators are currently being blamed for 60% of tropical forest loss. On the other hand, there are many cons to deforestation. What we dont realize how much damage that we cause. Some of the cons to deforestation are that there is a reduction in biodiversity, and some of the animals are being affected by this. In addition, climate change, soil erosion, and nutrients are lost to deforestation. Another con of deforestation is the increase with greenhouse gas emissions, which will affect the water cycle causing soil erosions. The last con to deforestation is that it will disrupt animals and people living there. Biodiversity is mixture of animals, plants, humans and other organisms living together. Deforestation and forest degradation can cause biodiversity to decline. People rely on the forests, through small-scale agriculture, for hunting and gathering and by harvesting forest products. Indigenous people, plants and animals are driven out, and many plants and animals may become extinct. When forests are destroyed, wildlife is deprived of their habitat pushing them into populated areas. Considering that about 80% of the worlds documented species can be found in tropical rain forests, deforestation puts at risk a majority of the Earths biodiversity(wwf). Some animals that are being harmed by deforestation are spider monkey, Manatee, and Bengal tiger. For an example the spider monkey mainly live high up in the canopy and depends on trees and other vegetation to survive. The spider monkey also uses plant to get their food. Spider Monkeys eat fruits, leaves and nuts and occasionally insects. Spider Monkeys are located in Central and South America and some parts of Mexico. Another species threatened by deforestation is the manatee which is related to the elephant. Also manatee lives all around the world, mostly in tropical warm water areas range in central South American water that flows through the rain forest and as far north as Florida. The last species of animal that are affected deforestation is the Bengal tigers can be found in southeast Asia in parts of India, China, Bangladesh and Indonesia as well as other southeast Asian countries. The Bengal tiger is endangered. The tiger is losing its native land to loss of habitat push the t iger into more populated areas. Climate change, soil erosion and nutrients are lost making the ground insecure. Since the ground is insecure and lack of plant life holding water creates flooding in watersheds. Increased soil erosion from lack of trees and water accelerates rates of soil erosion, by increasing runoff and reducing the protection of the soil from tree litter. The flooding will also cause landslides to form. Deforestation also disrupts water cycle. As a result of deforestation, trees no longer evaporate groundwater, which can cause the local climate to be much drier. In addition, it will also dry out parts of the world or flood other parts of the world. A good example about the climate change is that in the Mediterranean, summers have become hotter, with less and less humidity and more winds. With these kinds of conditions, it will help create forest fires. There are also more intensive rains and storms during winter which leads to increased vegetation, which in summer dries out and becomes fuel for fires (wwf). With different climate changes, there are always more chances for forest fires happening. Global warming which is caused by large amounts of Carbon dioxide floating in the atmosphere. The rays of the sun go through the atmosphere, but become trapped in the atmosphere, causing the temperature of the planet to rise. Deforestation accelerates this by reducing the number of trees, which help to convert Carbon dioxide into oxygen. Deforestation causes 15% of global greenhouse gas emissions. Of these, carbon dioxide emissions represent up to one-third of total carbon dioxide emissions released because of human causes (wwf). The last cause of deforestation is that it disrupts people and animals living there. Deforestation pose severe social problems and leading to violent conflicts in resources. Rain forests are destroyed by heavy machinery used to penetrate the forests and build roads causes extensive damage, and gathering only few logs are gathered. Trees fallen and soil is compacted by heavy machinery which does not allow forests regenerate. Local tribes and people are disrupted; birds and animals are dislocated by logging which plays a major role in deforestation. Roads that built in rain forest which poor farmers use to get in to the rain forest and cause more deforestation. Position My position on the issue about wanting to save the rain forest and stop deforestation. I believe that the cons out way the pros because there are many threats, but there are all different kinds of solutions. One of the treats is that animals are losing their habitat and forest is being lost. In addition, the rain forest affects the climate because it helps to lower greenhouse gas emissions. Also, you would see different climate patterns and sometimes soil erosions. In addition, there is also illegal lodging. Some of the methods that we could possibly do are to restore forests that we are destroying, so that we can fix up the parts that we messed up. I think we have get out there and let more people know so we will be able to stop it. In addition, I think we should enforce the laws and treaties that are out there in order to achieve zero deforestation. I believe that if we do not stop deforestation, we wont have a planet where we are able to breath clean air and loss all different kin ds of species and plants. Overall, I believe that we should save the rain forest and stop deforestation before it gets too bad. Discussion on my Position There are many threats to deforestation in rain forests. Some of the threats that we are causing is the logging interests for cutting down rain forest for timber that we use in flooring, furniture, and other items. Hydroelectric projects flood acres of rain forest which means habitats are lost and forest communities and wildlife have to move. In addition, mining operations helps clear forest to gain natural resources, but they contaminate the forest eco-system with their runoff. Another threat to deforestation is a bunch of different types of industries and even sometimes the government. The first type is power plants and other industries because they cut and burn trees to help generate electricity. The second type of industry is paper industry because they turn huge tracts of rain forest trees into pulp. The third is governments and industries because they clear and cut forests away, to help make way for service and transit roads. Agricultural interests are also a major cause of def orestation. For example, cattle industry is one of them because they use slash-and-burn techniques to clear ranch land and the soy industry to clear forests for cropland. In addition, farmers like to slash-and-burn rain forest for firewood and to make room for crops and grazing lands. The last threat of deforestation is building roads because they are clearing the forests to make roads. In addition by making roads through the habitat, we are endangering the wildlife habitats, so we might get rid of amazing specie because it no longer has it habitat to live in. The last thing with building roads is that it helps provide a good access point for illegal loggers and other business operations to gain more access to the forest. Biodiversity is a major part of the world. It does not affect only humans, but it can also affect species and plants. In the rain forest, many different types of species and plants live there. For example, 1,500 species of flowering plants, 750 species of trees, 125 mammal species, 400 species of birds, 100 species of reptiles, 60 species of amphibians, and 150 different species of butterflies. In addition, there are many species of fish living near the rivers. For instance, in this quote there are more fish species in the Amazon river system than in the entire Atlantic Ocean (savetherainforest.org). In Indonesia and Malaysia, more and more trees are cut down to produce palm oil, resulted in the loss of habitat for the native orangutans. With the loss of many trees many animals are becoming homeless that soon more animals will show up under the Endangered Species Act. The last thing is that Rainforests are home to two-thirds of all living animal and plant species on the planet, with hundreds of millions of species still undiscovered (coolingearth.org). The rain forest helps with keeping the air clean and the water cycle on track. It also helps with soil erosions. It cycles the Carbon dioxide and creating less CO2 emissions. A hectare (2.471 acres) of rain forest absorbs one ton of carbon dioxide (CO2) per year (savetherainforest.org). From people clearing and destroying the rain forest is creating a less places for CO2 to be absorbed. Since people are removing trees, we are just helping with Global warming. This relates to Global Warming because the Rainforests are critical to global weather systems acting as the worlds thermostat (cooleath.org). In addition, with the climate being so weird, there are chances of more flooding in some areas and in other area dryness. There are several methods out to stop deforestation and for saving rain forests. The first method to help stop deforestation is reforestation. Basically what I am talking about is that we can replant trees that we cut down. In addition, you join environmental awareness groups that would help you advocate about reforestation. The second method to stop deforestation is support laws and programs that are made to protect forests and to end deforestation. One program that made a difference is the Forestry Action Plan. The third method to stop deforestation is that you should only cut down mature trees and keeping the younger trees intact. For every tree that is lost, you should try to replace it with another one. The fourth method to stop deforestation is by using recycle items, so you would not need to replace new raw material. The last method is that you can limit your consumption of products that contain palm oil. For example, you can limit your consumption on breads, chocolates, and e ven some cosmetics such as shampoo, soap or toothpaste. When I talk about the consumption of products, I also mean your food consumption like that you can roast or boil your foods. There are many laws and treaties out there to help achieve zero deforestation, but we have to try harder. I believe that if we all try to work together I am sure that we will be able to achieve what we want. Some of the laws that we can use are the Wilderness Act, Lacey Act, and the Roadless Rule. Theses can help protect the U.S. forests and stop illegal wood products from entering the U.S. marketplace. Another law is The Tropical Forest and Coral Conservation Reauthorization Act 2009 to help give developing countries a financial incentive to promote environmental conservation within their own borders (coolearth.org). One of the treaties that we use is the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES). The reason why we use this treaty is to help protect forests and the endangered plant and animal species that rely on forest for habitats (greenpeace.org). Question During my research about deforestation in rain forests, some questions came up about it. The first question is what would be the point of replanting the trees if you are just going to cut the tree down again? The second question that came up during my research is if we have all these different kinds of laws, then why dont we see changes? In addition, why dont they try to enforce the laws better? Conclusion My Work Cited: Akinyemi, Aaron. New US law uses debt relief to help conserve tropical rainforests Protecting rainforests with Cool Earth Action Keeping carbon where it belongs. Home Protecting rainforests with Cool Earth Action Keeping carbon where it belongs. Cool Earth Action, n.d. Web. 5  Dec.  2012. . Benefits of Deforestation | EDU.UDYM.com. EDU.UDYM Information for your life. Get the benefit of our combined research and effort to guide your information needs. N.p., 5  Aug.  2008. Web. 5  Dec.  2012. . Deforestation the Effects It Has on a Global Scale | National Geographic. Green Living | National Geographic. N.p., n.d. Web. 5  Dec.  2012. . Deforestation Facts, Deforestation Information, Effects of Deforestation National Geographic. Environment Facts, Environment Science, Global Warming, Natural Disasters, Ecosystems, Green Living National Geographic. N.p., n.d. Web. 5  Dec.  2012. . Fiset, Nathalie. 8 Basic Ways of Preventing Deforestation. EzineArticle Submission. N.p., 29  Mar.  2007. Web. 5  Dec.  2012. . Rain Forest Threats, Rain Forest Species National Geographic. Environment Facts, Environment Science, Global Warming, Natural Disasters, Ecosystems, Green Living National Geographic. N.p., n.d. Web. 5  Dec.  2012. . Rainforest Animals. Rainforest Animals. Sciennected, 4  Jan.  2001. Web. 5  Dec.  2012. . Rainforest Destruction. Save The Rainforest. N.p.,  2001. Web. 5  Dec.  2012. . Solutions to Deforestation | Greenpeace. Greenpeace International Home | Greenpeace International. GREENPEACE,  2012. Web. 5  Dec.  2012. . The Rainforest Protecting rainforests with Cool Earth Action Keeping carbon where it belongs. Home Protecting rainforests with Cool Earth Action Keeping carbon where it belongs. Cool Earth Action, n.d. Web. 5  Dec.  2012. . WWF Deforestation. WWF WWF. N.p., n.d. Web. 5  Dec.  2012. .

West vs.World :: essays research papers fc

West vs. World â€Å"Every age , every culture, every custom and tradition has its own character, its own weakness and its own strength, its beauties and cruelties; it accepts certain sufferings as matters of course, puts up patiently with certain evils. Human life is reduced to real suffering, to hell, only when two ages, two cultures and religions overlap.† (Hermann Hesse.) It is difficult for any culture in the world to avoid the blending of cultures. In Marshal Sahlins essay, â€Å"Two or Three Things I Know about Culture†, he proved that almost all cultures are derived from another. Many countries do not agree with this theory because they believe that other customs, traditions are wrong and immoral. One the most criticize cultures in the world is Western Society. Although it is very well-known and widely practiced, it is still considered a deceiving, greedy and unethical the â€Å"Western way† is highly despised among different cultures. In Martha Nussbaum article,  "Judging Other Cultures: The Case of Genital Mutilation† she also mentions the loathing of Western society. Some may say that the Western capitalist state wants to be the superhero of the world. This society believes their way of living can improve any society that is suffering. However, the Western idea of suffering may not make sense to another culture. In fact, a culture with a different perception may even view the Western idea of success and happiness as suffering. This is a controversial topic that has been haunting cultures all over the world for a quite a long time. â€Å"†¦ethnocentric, a demonizing of another culture when we have many reasons to find fault in our own.† (Nessbaum, page 2) In â€Å"Judging Other Cultures: The Case of Genital Mutilation† Martha Nessbaum focuses on the practice of female genital mutilation and its controversy. Middle Eastern countries and Africa is where this procedure is illegal but commonly practiced. If one decides that she does not want to go on with the tradition she will be frowned upon among her society. Since FGM was proven that it can negatively affect a woman health more people have protested and been working hard to ban it. The Westerners are the main group involved in abolishing the practice. Then again, some are arguing that Westerners are contradicting themselves once again. â€Å"†¦the focus on this problem involves a Western glamorization of sexual pleasure that is inappropriate, especially when we judge other cultures with different norms.

Inventing A Writing Technology :: Teaching Writing Education Essays

â€Å"Inventing† A Writing Technology When we originally were given the criteria for this assignment, I knew right away what it was that I was going to do. I love being creative and sharing my ideas with other people, I like to think of myself as somewhat of an original person. My idea would initially satisfy all of the given criteria: permanence, portability, creativity, and naturalness of the components used to compose my creative piece of writing. Growing up, my brother and I would venture out when the creek was frozen and play on the ice for hours on end. One of the things we would do was carve out the ice to make picture, games and such. I knew that for his project, using ice would be an excellent idea. I knew it was fairly easy to do, it would stay there for as long as the creek continued to be frozen, and if necessary, it could be cut out and taken along to wherever I needed to go. When I arrived at my parent’s house, I headed straight for the creek with the plan in mind only to find that the ice was snow covered. I was down, but not out. After shoveling the ice, I was ready to begin my carving only to find that the ice was bubbly and definitely not smooth enough to be a recognizable writing surface. My plan was shot, I had come home for nothing. From this point on, I was forced to come up with an alternative plan of action. I thought of many things to use such as sticks and stones, but they would all sink into the snow if I placed them there and where not very portable or permanent if laid upon the ice. After weighing my options and a great deal of thought, I caught a glimpse of one of the many trees that line my creek bank. On the tree were many jagged icicles one of which I decide to use as my writing tool. My surface became the dreaded snow that was the culprit behind my initially foiled plan.

Personal Narrative- Soccer State Championship Essay -- Personal Narrat

Personal Narrative- Soccer State Championship On February 28, 2005, I experienced one of the most exciting events that anyone could ever experience – winning a State Championship. The day my soccer team made history is a day I’ll never forget. However it is not just that day we won the title, but the whole experience of the preceding season that got us there. From start to finish, my team’s 2004-2005 season taught me that the platitude is true. You can do anything you set your mind to. From before day one, all our minds were set. This was the year to win a State Championship. I can’t exactly explain it, but right from the start I knew we were going to do it. I was never so sure about anything in my life and I never doubted it once. Yet it was a silent confidence, which I kept to myself. Though each of us was confident about winning state, we had much to work through before we made it there. The first few weeks of practice were full of bad attitudes and laziness. As a sophomore, I, along with the other underclassman, kept my mouth shut and put effort into practices. It was t...

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When analyzing a book, each point you make must have four points: Statement – you make a point Evidence – you include a quote (something from the text) which supports your statement Analysis – explain how the quote you chose proves your statement Is true Link ? explain how all of this answers the question S – Michael Morgue uses the technique of narrative voice effectively to portray the horrors and futility of war. He does this by showing us the war from the point of view of the horse, Joey. This shows us what the war was like for both the British and the Germans in an unbiased way.E -â€Å"l was busying myself at tearing the last of this away when I saw, out of the corner of my eye, a man In a grey uniform clamber out of the trenches†¦ A small, helmeted figure In a flapping khaki greatcoat climbed up onto no man's land. † A This helps us to understand that none of the men were horrible. They are described and recognized by their uniforms and nothing else. There are no differences between the men apart from their uniforms. L – This shows us the horrors and futility of war as these men were made to fight and did not know what they were fighting for.They were not angry at one another or prepared for war. Try to use this example and write your own version of this paragraph. This format Is used for all of your paragraphs, the Information you give Is the only thing that changes s technique of narrative voice show horror and futility of war Joeys first hand experience First person narrative shows things as they happen Choose one of the following quotes: â€Å"There were wounded everywhere – on stretchers, on crutches, in open ambulances, men cried and fell to the ground, and horses reared and screamed in agony of fear ND pain.The ground erupted on either side of me, throwing horses and riders clear into the air. The shells whined and roared overhead, and every explosion seemed like an earthquake to us. † à ¢â‚¬Å"It was as I staggered out of one such crater that I lumbered into an invisible coil of barbed wire that first snagged and then trapped my foreleg. As I kicked out wildly to free myself, I felt the barbs tearing into my foreleg† â€Å"l saw the grey soldiers ahead of us raise their rifles and heard the death rattle of a machine gun † â€Å"Blind terror drove me on† â€Å"We looked back down the hill at the battle-field. Work When analyzing a book, each point you make must have four points: Statement – you make a point Evidence – you include a quote (something from the text) which supports your statement Analysis – explain how the quote you chose proves your statement Is true Link ? explain how all of this answers the question S – Michael Morgue uses the technique of narrative voice effectively to portray the horrors and futility of war. He does this by showing us the war from the point of view of the horse, Joey. This shows us what the war was like for both the British and the Germans in an unbiased way.E -â€Å"l was busying myself at tearing the last of this away when I saw, out of the corner of my eye, a man In a grey uniform clamber out of the trenches†¦ A small, helmeted figure In a flapping khaki greatcoat climbed up onto no man's land. † A This helps us to understand that none of the men were horrible. They are described and recognized by their uniforms and nothing else. There are no differences between the men apart from their uniforms. L – This shows us the horrors and futility of war as these men were made to fight and did not know what they were fighting for.They were not angry at one another or prepared for war. Try to use this example and write your own version of this paragraph. This format Is used for all of your paragraphs, the Information you give Is the only thing that changes s technique of narrative voice show horror and futility of war Joeys first hand experience First person narrative shows things as they happen Choose one of the following quotes: â€Å"There were wounded everywhere – on stretchers, on crutches, in open ambulances, men cried and fell to the ground, and horses reared and screamed in agony of fear ND pain.The ground erupted on either side of me, throwing horses and riders clear into the air. The shells whined and roared overhead, and every explosion seemed like an earthquake to us. † à ¢â‚¬Å"It was as I staggered out of one such crater that I lumbered into an invisible coil of barbed wire that first snagged and then trapped my foreleg. As I kicked out wildly to free myself, I felt the barbs tearing into my foreleg† â€Å"l saw the grey soldiers ahead of us raise their rifles and heard the death rattle of a machine gun † â€Å"Blind terror drove me on† â€Å"We looked back down the hill at the battle-field. Work Generation Gap When younger workers are hired in the same department as older workers, the results can be frustrating or rewarding. What makes the difference is how management decides to blend the workforces. The 80 million Generation Y workers, called millennial, who were born after 1977 bring a host of talents to the office. They generally are skilled at hands-on, experiential learning and gain skills by attempting to perform a task rather than by reading a book or attending a lecture. They multicast, prefer to work alone, accept change readily, and access Information at all ours of the day.These work habits are contrary to what older workers have experienced during their careers. To blend the cultures, managers must devise methods of fostering coexistence. The project-oriented nature of IT work appeals to the bright, creative, energetic millennial, and they perform best when given new technologies and the freedom to experiment. Enjoying new situations and challenges, they excel at mentoring less tech-saws workers on using the Innovative hardware and software and rotating among various departments to meet new people.They also thrive in an atmosphere that encourages blobbing and testing, so the work environment should allow mobile social networking and communications. What are your thoughts? Do you find this to be the case at your place of work? I believe the current increase in new millennial further assist the older population. For example, as a professional in the Education industry the younger generations, in my opinion juggle various tasks. However, I feel the older population can benefit from most millennial by keeping an open mind to technology. Often times many baby boomers become resistant to change.Remotely no adaptation occurs, leading to undue stress of millennial. On another note, millennial may often be underestimated within the workforce due to autonomy. The world has emerged into a new era involving a high demand to remain abreast with frequent changes. I work alongside various baby-boomers and they are never updated with anything. Work By Lange-Wilcox multicast, prefer to work alone, accept change readily, and access information at all they excel at mentoring less tech-savvy workers on using the innovative hardware my opinion Juggle various tasks. Work Introduction In this report, I will draw on theories into my work experience in a local English training school in my hometown, to analysis their communication system, and then make some recommendations to Improve their school performance. Description Last summer, I worked as a registration assistant in a private languages school called Younger; it is a small private English training school, which aims at improving student's overall English ability to get higher score In English Test.Within Younger organization, the formal communication between school leaders and employees that Ely on paper-based format; the informal communication occurs teachers and students that prefer to face-to-face chats. According to the school communication study of Fred C. The formal communication which focuses on exchange the information regarding the work-related of school, and informal communication which emphasizes the unofficial message that unrelated to the schools education activities.For Younger scho ol case, I will draw the classical approach theories to analyses formal communication, and using the culture approach to examine the informal communication. Through the analysis. I will find some problems about Younger' communications, and give them some suggestions, to help them get improvement in the future. Analysis Theory 1 Younger formal communication system between employer and employee is familiar with classic approach. According to Weeper's theory of bureaucracy, rules are priority for each organizational functioning; he believed all rules should be In written form.In Younger, to improve students' English test score in short term, school leaders written specific daily routine and daily objectives to individuals, like when they would wake up, who can take what class and when, and the number of vocabularies students need to memorized each day. Under this system, all things rely on the rules, hierarchy was clearly established and the power was centralized within school leaders. In Younger, the school leaders built policies and communicate downward to group of managers, teachers and then students; this is a typically top-down communication.Managers, teachers and students need to follow their own Instructions, and do not have rights to change anything. Under bureaucracy management, teachers clearly knowing what the school's goals, strategies, and objectives base on deferent rules; having a better understanding of how their Jobs contribute to other school activities Increase employees involvement; following the specific introduction could improve the work efficiency. School leaders have the big power to control and monitor day-to-day operations of school activities.On the other hand, top-down communication is hard to receive the feedback from lower level people, lacking of communication interaction lead to lost opportunities of making improvement. Sometimes, the hierarchy is complicated, some information lost since assistance from the school principal to stu dents. In Tailor's scientific management theory, † there is one best way to do every Job†, which means managers need to fit Job to individuals. Based on this view, Younger principal divided English teaching into three parts: reading, writing and listening, and only hired the people who specialized in one filed.This kind of teaching specializations lowers individual teacher's responsibility for students' test score, reduce working pressure; hired professional experts in that field, it could be provide high quality education services for students, rather more gained Younger' competitive advantages in educational industry. However, Job specialization and teaching followed by instruction reduces the work autonomy and decrease employees' skills, as a consequent, employee felt less passion for their Jobs. Moreover, it is hard to find the potential problems without communication among different course teachers.Theory 2 Through above analysis, we can conclude that Youngster's fo rmal communication system is based on classical approach that tend to be downward, paper based, and task-related. Unlike the vertical communication between the employer and employee, he horizontal communication occurs in teacher and students. Deal and Kennedy's † Strong Cultures†, theory argued that if an organization has a strong culture, it will form the unique, hard to imitate intangible asset for that company, it would improve individual and organizational performance.This theory including four key elements: values and belief, heroes, rites and rituals, and cultural network. Since private languages education is a high competitive industry, Younger attempt to build their own school culture as their core competitive advantages. Younger used their slogan † Stay passion, Stay younger† as their belief to motivate students keep passion in their leaning, school mission aim to build the unique † Younger† sprit to attractive more students.Youngster's p rincipal is their Hero, for each new student orientation, principal gives the speech about how he builds Younger school to encourage student work hard. Both informal and formal communication made contribute to build the culture network. Majority informal communication during the lunchtime, teachers share legend stories to their students. To The top-leaders used downward immunization transfer school values, belief, culture, and school mission to employee and students. It is try to form a sense of belonging, commitment, and proud of being a part of Younger among the employees and students.In summary, for Youngster's culture approach the strength is they build a strong culture connection through their passion values, principal as the legend hero, using both informal and formal communication channel to set the culture network made employees and students felt like school is a big family. Recommendation As I analyzed above, the biggest problem is the highly centralized hierarchy managemen t system cause the weak communication system. To improve Younger communication system, my recommendation is diversify the direction of communication flows is most priority thing.Since analysis of Youngster's structure, we can see the organization structure has influenced on communication system. Lundeberg & Orenstein indicated, the structure of an effective communication Younger now has both downward and horizontal communication, I suggest building an upward flow communication. In the Younger school, upward communication is that some reflection from lower staff to the top leaders, this kind of communication an examine whether the bottom staff understood the messages from top-leaders, also can improve self-esteem of staff.Upward communication flow will make communication more effectiveness, listen more voice from different perspectives, and get more suggestions. In short, upward communication will provide a new communication channel of feedback to top-leaders, and make contribution t o school's performance. We can build the upward communication in three different types, the first type is class evaluation, gave rights to students which evaluate their teacher's caching performance, this help leader to understand how the employees perform their Job.The second one is suggestions and improvement, gathering the ideas from staffs to increase the quality of work. The last type is exception describe the big problems to leader, make leader aware of how difficulties. To build a healthy upward flow communication there are some barriers need to overcome. Firstly, when low- level staffs try to reflect problems but sometimes, the administrators no time to respond. Secondly, the administrator's bad attitudes or ignore the low-level staffs. Thirdly, the long-time gap between communication and reflection, it will take up to several months to accept the low-staffs' suggestion.The last but not least, low-level staffs lacking of motivation to bring problems to the administrator's of fice. There are some solutions to solve above four questions. Firstly, open door and open hours policy. To set a time, the administrator's door open for those people who find some problems need to discuss. Secondly, school leaders can facilitate some consulting meetings to avoid bad attitudes, and also can rebuild the lower-staff confidence. Thirdly, building social media blob for gather problems, reply feedback as soon as possible.Last, setting some rewards for these useful recommendations, encourage low-level staffs give more suggestions. Conclusion In this essay, in the first part I simply describe the Younger communication strategies. In the second part, I draw the classical approach theories to analyses formal communication, and using the culture approach to examine the informal communication in Younger English training school. Through analysis, I can conclude that Youngster's formal communication system is based on classical approach that end to be downward, paper based, and t ask-related. Work Generation Gap When younger workers are hired in the same department as older workers, the results can be frustrating or rewarding. What makes the difference is how management decides to blend the workforces. The 80 million Generation Y workers, called millennial, who were born after 1977 bring a host of talents to the office. They generally are skilled at hands-on, experiential learning and gain skills by attempting to perform a task rather than by reading a book or attending a lecture. They multicast, prefer to work alone, accept change readily, and access Information at all ours of the day.These work habits are contrary to what older workers have experienced during their careers. To blend the cultures, managers must devise methods of fostering coexistence. The project-oriented nature of IT work appeals to the bright, creative, energetic millennial, and they perform best when given new technologies and the freedom to experiment. Enjoying new situations and challenges, they excel at mentoring less tech-saws workers on using the Innovative hardware and software and rotating among various departments to meet new people.They also thrive in an atmosphere that encourages blobbing and testing, so the work environment should allow mobile social networking and communications. What are your thoughts? Do you find this to be the case at your place of work? I believe the current increase in new millennial further assist the older population. For example, as a professional in the Education industry the younger generations, in my opinion juggle various tasks. However, I feel the older population can benefit from most millennial by keeping an open mind to technology. Often times many baby boomers become resistant to change.Remotely no adaptation occurs, leading to undue stress of millennial. On another note, millennial may often be underestimated within the workforce due to autonomy. The world has emerged into a new era involving a high demand to remain abreast with frequent changes. I work alongside various baby-boomers and they are never updated with anything. Work By Lange-Wilcox multicast, prefer to work alone, accept change readily, and access information at all they excel at mentoring less tech-savvy workers on using the innovative hardware my opinion Juggle various tasks.

Engl 135 Advanced Composition

Running subject field RAPE VICTIMS IN KOSOVO DURING WAR cocker Victims in Kosovo during War Manjola Cuka ENGL 135 advance Composition Catherine Davis April 20, 2009 DeVry University, We all be conscious(predicate) of the suffering that contend brings in stacks sees. War means losing e very(prenominal)thing you reign dear. War means losing your childhood home, contend means losing your husband, wife, child, br otherwise(a), and sister. During the contend in Kosovo on that point were a fleck of brutal chipions performed towards the Kosovo macrocosm physically and franticly.The Serbs knew exactly what these pile requireed the nearly in their conk bring outs. That is honor. Among other untamed and degrading acts executed towards the Kosovo people during the war, the Serbs utilize cosset as a fauna to destroy non only if the wo workforce as individuals but also their families to the outcome. According to McKinsey (1993), thither were an estimated twenty thousand females looted during the war in Kosovo. That is a long number considering that creation of Kosovo is a little over two million people. The Kosovo nation had been essay to gain their independence for almost a decade.They were only requireing for their h acests the freedom of speech, the right to send the children to schools where they bottom learn their ingest language, the freedom of media, and the freedom of lifespan in their deliver country with aside fear. This is their country and they were only asking for what was theirs. According to the U. S enunciate Department proclaim (1999), the Serbs started an ethnic cleaning c adenylic acidaign that was meant to remove all the non Serb population push through of the country. The most disconsolate acts towards these people started to thrum worse by and by NATO phalanx bombed the Serb military points on March 24, 1999.Serbs immovable to punish the people by forcing them proscribed of their homes, burning their houses, torturing them, raping them, and killing them. botch was the main weapon utilise against the Kosovo women to hale and weaken the entire population. Shenon (1999), reports on these grue round activities that were taking place in Kosovo The departments report tell that refugee accounts suggested that Serbian forces had executed more(prenominal) than 4,000 Kosovars, and that surveillance photographs motorn either by sa utterites or airplanes had identified seven alike(p)ly sites of mass graves.The report said that blows of Albanian women were universeness reported in increase numbers, with systematic mass enraptures app arently carried out in the cities of Djakovica and Pec. To understand the consequences that dishonor has in the lives of the Kosovo people, we make water to understand how they are increase and the beliefs that are engraved in them end-to-end the years. The people of Kosovo value family and country more than their own lives. The youth gi rls are raised(a) to believe that their role in the realism is to pee-pee married, birth children, and take do by of the chores or so the house.thither is a distinguished dissimilarity the way these people lived their lives. Men were the excoriation winners and women were there to raise the children and take administer of the house. If there was male company in the house, the females would only serve them and go to their dwell until the company left. One of Dr. Alakija (2000) reports explains how a squad up of males was greeted only by Kosovo males, and when a team of females went to investigate they were greeted by females. It is non catch for strange males to discuss with the Kosovo females even to get their testimony.A nonher important part of these peoples lives is marriage. Dating outside marriage is out(p) in their culture and the girl should non lose their virginity until she gets married. The girls that had pre marital relationships are called speculative fo r any man to marry. So subsequently knowing these events we substructure only imagine, what break means to these people. The women lose their purity aft(prenominal) being touched(p) by a nonher(prenominal) man even though it is not their fault. No man would come blind drunk to them for the rest of their lives. They would live the rest of their eld hating themselves and privation they were wild.The Kosovo women were screw up and bedevilmentd consistently in front of their loved maven(a)s destroy them physically and emotionally for the rest of their lives. There are statements of pregnant women who were rape and vanquish by either gunpoint or by being tortured. The physical hurting these women endured stool never be compared with the emotional and mental damage they went through. There is not a bigger confusion than being looted in front of your father, your mother, your brother, your uncle, and your children. How can mortal be the alike(p) after going through something like that?These women were raped in front of their children, no matter what age. It is atrocious and infuriating at the same time how these individuals would put children and mothers in these barbaric situations. One of the many rape victims explained how powerless she was when being held down by dual individuals while another was raping her. This is how she describes her torment I could not resist, I could not clamber against them, the witness, a woman identified as N. S. , testified. I could not resist because the others were retention me while my children were watching (Sullivan, 2000).Another horrific fact during the war was that the Serbs raped these women with the intention to draw them pregnant. There are two reasons the Serbs smash upd the Kosovo women whizz was to dishonor them and their families for life and second unrivaled to increase the Serb population with their children. According to BBC intelligence operation (2000), only the month of January of 2000, there were unmatched hundred rape babies born. That is a large number for this small community. How were these women able to live every day knowing that inside(a) them was the child of the enemy.The enemy that killed their man, the enemy that kicked them out of their own homes, the enemy that raped them in front of their loved ones. As twain (2001), noted The term genocidal rape is twain emotionally and politically loaded, but is does be to accurately reflect the realities felt by some if not all raped women in the conflict. As we saw above, some raped Muslim women reported that their attackers claimed that they were intending to impregnate them to create Serbian babies, and that some women were held cloaked for a period of weeks to ensure that they did not abort the child they had conceived in rape (p. 4). Honor is the most valuable law in the Kosovo society. Serbs knew they would humiliate and degrade not only the Kosovo women but their families and their loved ones. subsequently being raped these women would never speak of the ordeal they went through and would hide it from everyone if they could. These women would sort of be dead accordingly part their torment with someone else especially if it was someone they did not know. They would rather keep the anguish to themselves if that was an option. It was not enough they suffered rom the torture that was used against them, but they had to live in fear of losing everything they held dear even though this was not their fault. The raped Kosovo women would not ploughshare these ordeals with their own families for the fear of bringing rape to their entire family. The husband would leave the wife if they found out she was raped. Here is one ex vitamin Ale of a husband that suspects his young wife was raped Mr. Thaqi says his wife, who did not want her name published, denies the rape because she doesnt dare tell that kind of bill. If she askted it to him, he said, I would ask for a divorce even if I had 20 children. As his wife listened, reticent and abashfaced, in a corner of their mindless home, looted of all furniture and possessions by the Serbs, Mr. Thaqi added I dont hate her, but the story is before my eyes. I feel very cold toward her. Kissing her, he said, is like kissing a dead frame (Bumiller, 1999). It is not hard enough that they were raped and humiliated but they puzzle to live with the chagrin for the rest of their lives. Most of these women cast out themselves in their parents homes until they die either by choice or they are forced.It is heartbreaking how the community and their families expect them to commit suicide for something that was not their fault. Serbs knew that by raping the women they would destroy their families. What other method could be better then destroy a country to its core? These women live the rest of their lives excluded from the outside forgiving being wishing they were dead. The husbands live the rest of their live s wishing their wives were dead. Their parents live their lives wishing their daughter was dead. In the Kosovo culture rape carries a very strong social taboo and shame keeps victims silent.The women and men of Kosovo are not as afraid of death as they are of rape. enthrall is a deeply sensitive subject in ethnic Albanian Kosovo, a Muslim and largely traditional society, where a sexual assault can permanently stigmatize a woman, shaming her family and rail at her marriage or prospects of marriage. Gathering first-hand accounts of rape has proved very challenging for war crimes investigators, and the scale of sexual assaults here whitethorn never be fully know (Finn, 1999). They cannot tolerate the thought of their women being touched by another man.This degrading act not only humiliates the women but it demoralizes the men that are rouseing in the mountains. That was one of the biggest war strategies the Serbs used to defeat the Kosovo people. And this was one more reason the women keep the rape secret. They want their husbands, their fathers, and their brothers to fight for their country kind of of carrying the family shame in their shoulders. The world came in concert to attend the rape victims with everything they needed. The biggest issue the add-on organizationswere facingwas the non cooperation from the victims and their families.Under no circumstances they would admit they were raped unless there were witnesses to testify to that. plain then it would be very difficult to treat these patients. Knowing the consequences of admitting they were raped, what mother would adventure losing her children to get medical treatment? How can they put their own well being before their children? They considered themselves dead anyway. They would rather live in pain for the rest of their lives with their children around them, then medically treated and have lost their families.They would shut down and most of the time they would deny they were raped. There are a large number of cases that are not officially reported as we have seen in assorted reports Rape There are numerous accounts indicating that the make and individual rape of Kosovar Albanian women by Serbian forces was widespread. For example, Serbian forces systematically raped women in Djakovica and Pec, and in some cases move up women and took them to hotels where they were raped by phalanx under encouragement of their commanders.Rape is most believably an underreported atrocity because of the stigma attached to the victims in traditional Kosovar Albanian society (U. S State Department Report, 1999) It is unthinkable in some cultures to comprehend how these families treat the rape victims, particularly these women that were forced into these acts and had no other choice. Instead of embracing them and try to help them get through these tough times, they hold in them in the streets and also blame them for the shame they bring to the family. There is no kindness for the rape d victims.What can be worse than having your own parents, the ones that gave you life, the ones that raised and nurtured you, wish you were dead? These rape victims find their way out by shutting down or by going in the mountains and wed the man in the fight for their freedom. They have no life next to their own family. They choose to leave and fight to get away from the staring eyes of their neighbors and everyone else that gets in contact with them. The biggest reason is to take their humiliation with them and spare their family the shame and embarrassment.Here are the language of a father of a rape victim I have precondition her to the KLA so she can do to the Serbs what they have done to us, Haxhi Lokaj said of his daughter, who has been sent to fight with the rebels of the Kosovo Liberation Army. She will probably be killed, but that would be for the best, the 40-year-old father said with more resignation than sorrow. She would have no future anyway after what they did to he r he continued (Williams, 1999). There are different approaches the enemy uses to destroy a population to the core in the time of war.Serbs used the most degrading act to ruin the Kosovo families for life. That was rape. Death does not come termination to the pain and the outcome that rape brings in these peoples lives. If the women and men died protecting their country, fighting for their rights, or protecting themselves from being abused, they would be praised. In contrary if the women were raped but survived, for no fault of their own, they were the humiliation of their family and the whole community. clemency for the rape victims does not exist.It will take a long time and a few generations for these people to start living a full life. It will not be easy for these memories to be erased from their minds. References Alakija, P (2000). The ravages of war. Retrieved April 21, 2009 from http//www. cmaj. ca/cgi/content/full/163/9/1148 BBC News. (2000). Women scarred by Kosovo atroc ities. Retrieved April 17, 2009 from http//news. bbc. co. uk/2/hi/europe/716701. stmBooth, K (2001). The Kosovo tragedy the human rights dimensions. (1st Ed. ) Oxford Routledge, member of the Taylor & Francis Group.Retrieved April 15, 2009 from http//books. google. com/books? id=777jPodhCYYC&dq=The+Kosovo+tragedy+the+human+rights+dimensions. &printsec=frontcover& start=bn&hl=en&ei=8HLuSaSYMYuqtgeEgMHMDw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4Bumiller, E. (1999). Crisis in the Balkans Crimes Deny Rape or Be Hated Kosovo Victims Choice. Retrieved April 15, 2009 from http//www. nytimes. com/1999/06/22/world/crisis-in-the-balkans-crimes-deny-rape-or-be-hated-kosovo-victims-choice. hypertext mark-up language? n=Top/Reference/ propagation%20Topics/Subjec

Goals of Linguistic Essay

Mr. 1. Introduction 1. 1.If youre writing a career goals essay, keep reading to learn how.* mad Clean deduction is only possible in the logical disciplines. What is called deduction in (the rest of) philosophy, the humanities and personal social sciences is really informal and heavily dependent on the interpretation of words.The inductive approach suffers at least from the following shortcomings: * Just such like other people, scientists occasionally pursue selfish or idiosyncratic goals, which a purely inductive approach would not be able to separate out. * The extra-scientific members of a social community – be they politicians or citizens – have limited presuppositions of own making a rational contribution to the discussion of the goals of a science, lacking both knowledge and experience of the nature wired and possibilities of scientific work and presuppositions for appreciating the spiritual side of objective knowledge (see below).Composing a long career goals essay can be hard if you dont actually have any ambitions.

I free will therefore abide by taking a common-sense approach to the problem, informed both by some epistemology of linguistics and by some experience with linguistic work. 1. 2. Fundamentals Like any human activity, linguistics has a place in a teleonomic hierarchy (see teleonomische Hierarchie) which is headed by its ultimate goals.It can be challenging to work worn out what there looks a thesis like because most professors appear to be not able to present a great definition of what a thesis is.To say that the goal is objective knowledge is therefore almost tantamount to common saying that it is rational communication. This rephrasing also serves the purpose of avoiding a static conception of ‘objective knowledge’. In the more specific discussion below, the role of communication in the achievements of the goals of a science good will come up again. Understanding has two sides, a spiritual and a practical one.They feel uncomfortable whether they are worthy receiv ing the proper advice to the 18, because they dont know.

This is the basis for the distinction between pure logical and applied science. Linguistics is the study of human language.Understanding this object has a purely spiritual aspect, which constitutes what might be called â€Å"pure linguistics† and what is more commonly called general linguistics. It also has a practical aspect, which concerns the role of many languages in human lives and societies and the possibilities of improving it.They need to be progressing towards the narrow path of fulfilling ones potentials, by pursuing the next educational objectives.Here we will focus on the tasks of linguistics as an empirical discipline. good For such a discipline, the main tasks are: 1. elaboration of a theory of its object 2. documentation and brief description of its object 3.Its essential for me to find a good education.

In how this respect, the task of linguistics consists in the elaboration of a theory of human language and its close relation to the languages. Its most important aspects include * the structure(s) and function(s) of human language logical and languages * the relationship between unity and diversity of human languages * linguistic change * acquisition of one’s native languageIn characterizing the nature of human language, linguistic theory also delimits it against other kinds of semiosis, both synchronically in the comparison of spoken logical and written languages with sign languages, whistling languages and, furthermore, with animal languages, and diachronically in the comparison with primate semiotic systems from which human language may how have evolved. 3. Empiry: documentation and description of languages As recalled above, linguistics is (among other things) an empirical science.Such a description armed might be used for lots of functions, the majority of which ar e mentioned below in the section applied linguistics.language description: 1. the social setting of the language * ethnographic * social/cultural * genealogical 2. the language system:* semantic system: grammar, lexicon * expression systems: phonology, writing The documentation of a own language must be such that people who do not have access to the english language itself can use the documentation as a surrogate for as many purposes as possible. In particular, it should be possible to develop a description of a language on the basis of its documentation.Language many plays a part in personal identity.

That is, in the synchronic perspective, they are systematic, while in the diachronic perspective, they are historical. 4. Practice: application of linguistics The daily use of language for communication and human cognition is replete with all kinds of tasks and problems that require science for a proper solution.Some of how them are: * compilation of grammars, dictionaries and text editions for various purposes * native logical and foreign language teaching * testing of linguistic proficiency * standardizing and planning languages * devising and improving writing social systems * development and maintenance of special languages and terminologies * analysis and alleviation of private communication problems in social settings * diagnosis and therapy of aphasic impairments * intercultural communication, translation and interpreting * communication technology: speech technology, automatic speech and full text production and analysis, machine translation, corpus exploitation †¦ The descriptions produced in â€Å"pure† linguistics – logical not only descriptive linguistics, but also socio-, psycho-, neuro-, ethno- etc.Many languages have never been so lucky.* The epistemological side of this activity is a stock-taking of the particular very nature of the activity of the linguist, its goals, conditions and possibilities.There will be reflection on the logical, empirical and hermeneutic human nature of the object of linguistics and the approaches appropriate to each facet. * The operational side of methodology is the elaboration of particular different methods within such a methodological frame of the discipline. Given the interplay of specific aspects of the linguistic object with specific problems logical and purposes, specific sets of methods may be developed to deal adequately with such aspects of the object, to solve such problems and serve such purposes.Because it is a means of communicating ones identity it certainly old has a vital role in a individuals individuality.

Cooperation: interdisciplinary fertilization.The articulation of science into disciplines is, first of all, a necessity of the division of labor. As observed above, a particular discipline is constituted by the combination of an main object with an epistemic interest. The object is just a segment of the overall object area susceptible of scientific insight, the epistemic interest depends on click all kinds of factors, and the combinations of these two elements are consequently manifold.Possessing a different language is a step and a own benefit forward.where the interfaces for the combination of related theories are. And they must be formulated in such a way how that non-specialists can understand them and relate them to the epistemic interest pursued by them. Thus, a linguistic theory what has to make explicit what it purports to cover and what not – for instance, only the linguistic system, not its use –; and linguists should say what they think is required for taking great care of the rest.Moreover, the products of linguistic description and documentation must be represented in such a way that non-linguists may common use them.Thesis statements arent simple to write.

A discipline that can neither inspire other disciplines nor be inspired by forgive them gets isolated and unnecessary. 7. Conclusion Above, five areas of goals of linguistics have been identified: 1.Theory: the nature of only human language 2.Decisions are constructed upon conclusions.Goal #1, the elaboration of a theory of its object, is the highest goal of any science. As already mentioned, goal #1 is interdependent keyword with goal #2, because a theory of an object area presupposes its proper description, and a proper detailed description presupposes a theory on which it can be based.Furthermore, the production of documentations and descriptions is a service to the society. This is even more true of goal #3: The solution of daily-life tasks and problems is a practical contribution to the improvement of the conditio humana.Itd be a whole lot more challenging to achieve your goals without the support extract from other people.

Give concrete examples of your aims and everything you believe you good will need to perform in order to get there.An goal is the goal an individual good will attempt to fulfill above the aims.If it regards objectives I also have made my own mind up.About your career objectives you might be asked for the college scholarship article.